隐私保护下跨域电池储能系统智能均衡控制策略

Intelligent Balancing Control Strategy for Cross-Domain Battery Energy Storage Systems under Privacy Protection

摘要: 基于通信信道的跨域电池储能系统(BESSs)技术在现代智能电网的运行中发挥着重要作用，每个参与的BESS互动过程中存在泄露敏感消息的高风险问题，攻击者利用所窃取的重要信息更容易引发电网崩溃、BESS热失控等严重后果。因此，为解决多源直流微电网中区域互联多储能系统的安全控制问题，本文提出了一种新型的均衡管理策略，采用改进的分布式共识算法模型，通过满足荷电状态(SOC)相对变化率的约束以实现BESS间的一致性，在满足总体功率需求的同时优化各BESS的能量负载。此外，在各BESS通讯过程中引入差分隐私保护机制，避免窃听者获取准确的系统信息，进一步地提出了一种多级隐私保护框架，适应BESSs不同阶段的充放电场景。最后，本文使用Matlab软件进行了仿真实验，结果表明可以使BESS能量利用时间延长66.98%，并且在保证均衡效果的前提下也具有一定隐私保护效果。

Abstract: Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) based on communication channel technology play a pivotal role in the operation of modern smart grids. However, the interaction among participating BESSs presents a high risk of sensitive information leakage, which can lead to severe consequences such as grid failure and thermal runaway of BESSs if attackers exploit the stolen information. To address the security control issues in interconnected multi-energy storage systems within multi-source direct current microgrids, this paper proposes a novel equilibrium management strategy. It employs an improved distributed consensus algorithm model that ensures consistency among BESSs by adhering to constraints on the relative rate of change of the state of charge (SOC), while optimizing the energy load of each BESS to meet the overall power demand. Furthermore, a differential privacy protection mechanism is introduced during the communication process between BESSs to prevent eavesdroppers from obtaining accurate system information. A multi-level privacy protection framework is also proposed to accommodate different charging and discharging scenarios of BESSs. Finally, simulation experiments conducted using Matlab software indicate that the proposed strategy can extend the energy utilization time of BESSs by 66.98% and also provide a certain level of privacy protection while ensuring balancing effects.