动词重叠的分布形态学研究

Analysis of Verbal Reduplication from Distributed Morphology

摘要: 动词重叠一直是研究的热点。但是关于“VV”式重叠动词如何生成“V了V”、“V了一V”结构一直众说纷纭，不同学者持不同见解。本文以分布式形态学为理论框架，认为动词重叠是短时体的语音实现形式，通过体投射底层移位实现，“一”是短时体的隐性成分。根据局部错位，最高级别的形态句法词下移到其补语位置的第一个形态句法词处，与其互换位置，变成子词。即完成态“了”下降到Red处，发生错位变成子词，即“V了(一) V”。上述分析能够充分解释动词重叠的句法限制及其表现出的特殊性。

Abstract: Verbal reduplication has always been a hot topic in these years. But as to the VV reduplication of verb, how it converted to “V le V” and “V le yi V”, different scholars hold different opinions. Based on Distributed Morphology’s morphological operation, Local Dislocation, one kind of Merge, this paper hold that verb reduplication is the phonological realization of tentative aspect, and “yi” is the recessive component of tense aspect. According to local dislocation, the highest-level morphosyntactic word moves down to the first morphosyntactic word in its complement position, exchanges places with it, and becomes a subword. The perfect symbol “le” descends to the Red place, and its position is exchanged to become a subword, that is, “V le (one) V”. The above analysis can fully explain the grammatical limitation and particularity of verb reduplication.