福建紫金山金铜矿床下部铜矿体流体包裹体均一温度测量及地质意义
Homogenization Temperature Measurement of Fluid Inclusions in the Lower Copper Ore Body of Zijinshan Gold-Copper Deposit in Fujian and Its Geological Significance
摘要: 紫金山金铜矿床是世界级的超大型矿床，具有上金下铜的分带特征，上部金矿已开采完毕，中下部铜矿体尚未圈闭，开展流体包裹体均一温度测量对确定成矿的热源中心和找矿方向研究具有重要的指导意义。本文在野外地质调查、流体包裹体样品采集、岩相学观察的基础上，对露天采矿场海拔560~580 m平台与铜矿体共生的蚀变石英、明矾石开展了流体包裹体均一温度和冰点温度的测量，结果表明：流体包裹体主要有液相包裹体、气相包裹体、CO2包裹体以及少量含子矿物多相包裹体4种类型；流体包裹体均一温度范围为120.9℃~430.1℃，主要集中于160℃~220℃和360℃~380℃，显示具有2个成矿温度峰值，可能暗示具有2次成矿作用；冰点温度−0.1℃~−13.0℃，对应盐度为0.18% NaCl eqv~16.89% NaCl eqv。根据流体包裹体均一温度中较高温度峰值绘制的流体包裹体均一温度等值线图显示成矿热源来自矿区的东南侧深部，并向南东方向倾伏，指示矿区东南侧深部仍具有较大的找矿前景。
Abstract: The Zijinshan gold-copper deposit is a world-class super-large deposit with the zoning characteristics of upper gold and lower copper. The upper gold deposit has been mined, and the middle and lower copper ore bodies have not yet been trapped. The homogenization temperature measurement of fluid inclusions has important guiding significance for determining the heat source center and prospecting direction of mineralization. Based on field geological survey, fluid inclusion sample collection and petrographic observation, the homogenization temperature and freezing point temperature of fluid inclusions in altered quartz and alunite associated with copper ore bodies at an altitude of 560-580m in open-pit mining sites were measured. The results show that there are four types of fluid inclusions: liquid inclusions, gas inclusions, CO2 inclusions and a small amount of daughter mineral-bearing multiphase inclusions. The homogenization temperature range of fluid inclusions is 120.9℃~430.1℃, mainly concentrated in 160℃~220℃ and 360℃~380℃, showing two mineralization temperature peaks, which may imply two times mineralizations. The freezing point temperature was −0.1℃~−13.0℃, and the corresponding salinity was 0.18% NaCl eqv~16.89% NaCl eqv. The homogenization temperature contour map of fluid inclusions drawn according to the higher temperature peak in the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions shows that the ore-forming heat source comes from the deep part of the southeast side of the mining area and is inclined to the southeast direction, indicating that the deep part of the southeast side of the mining area still has great prospecting potential.
文章引用：杨小敏, 付一航, 黎敦朋. 福建紫金山金铜矿床下部铜矿体流体包裹体均一温度测量及地质意义[J]. 地球科学前沿, 2024, 14(4): 358-366. https://doi.org/10.12677/ag.2024.144033

参考文献

[1] 张锦章. 紫金山矿集区地质特征、矿床模型与勘查实践[J]. 矿床地质, 2013, 32(4): 757-766.
[2] 李美荣, 孟庆波, 梁冬云, 等. 紫金山铜金矿中金铜银的赋存状态研究[J]. 贵金属, 2021, 42(2): 41-48.
[3] 陈景河. 紫金山铜(金)矿床成矿模式[J]. 黄金, 1999, 20(7): 6-11.
[4] 陈明勇, 武丽艳. 紫金山高硫型铜金矿床表生氧化带金矿体矿物学特征及演化[J]. 矿物学报, 2022, 42(3): 329-342.
[5] 张德全, 丰成友, 李大新, 等. 紫金山地区斑岩-浅成热液成矿系统的成矿流体演化[J]. 地球学报, 2005, 26(2): 127-136.
[6] 辛秀, 王翠芝. 福建紫金山金铜矿明矾石的流体包裹体特征[J]. 现代地质, 2014, 28(1): 42-50.
[7] 黄宏祥, 王少怀. 紫金山铜金矿床Ⅺ号铜矿带流体包裹体研究[J]. 有色金属(矿山部分), 2016, 68(1): 44-51.
[8] Zhong, J., Chen, Y.J., Chen, J., et al. (2018) Geology and Fluid Inclusion Geochemistry of the Zijinshan High-Sulfidation Epithermal Cu-Au Deposit, Fujian Province, SE China: Implication for Deep Exploration Targeting. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 184, 49-65. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[9] 江思宏, 梁清玲, 王少怀, 等. 福建紫金山铜金矿科学基地研究[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2017.
[10] 赵希林. 福建省上杭地区中生代花岗岩体的年代学、岩石学、地球化学特征及其地质意义[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 北京: 中国地质科学院, 2007.
[11] 于波, 裴荣富, 邱小平, 等. 福建紫金山矿田中生代岩浆岩演化序列研究[J]. 地球学报, 2013, 34(4): 437-446.
[12] Sillitoe, R.H. (2010) Porphyry Copper Systems. Economic Geology, 105, 3-41. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[13] So, C.-S., Zhang, D.Q., Yun, S.T. and Li, D.X. (1998) Alteration-Mineralization Zoning and Fluid Inclusions of the High Sulfidation Epithermal Cu-Au Mineralization at Zijinshan, Fujian Province, China. Economic Geology, 93, 961-980. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[14] 王少怀, 裴荣富, 曾宪辉, 等. 再论紫金山矿田成矿系列与成矿模式[J]. 地质学刊, 2009, 83(2): 145-157.
[15] 刘文元. 福建紫金山斑岩浅成热液成矿系统的精细矿物学研究[D]: [博士学位论文]. 北京: 中国地质科学院, 2015.
[16] 阮诗昆. 紫金山金矿露采蚀变分带地球化学特征研究及意义[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 福州: 福州大学, 2014.
[17] Roedder, E. (1984) Fluid Inclusion. Mineralogical Society of America, Virginia, 1-644. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[18] 卢焕章, 范宏瑞, 倪培. 流体包裹体[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2004: 1-486.