港口物流运输准点到达影响因素与成本效益分析及最优路径设计研究

Research on the Analysis of Factors Affecting Punctuality in Port Logistics Transportation and Cost-Benefit Analysis and Optimal Route Design

摘要: 物流运输优化是现代供应链管理中的一个重要组成部分，它涉及对运输网络、运输方式、运输成本、运输效率和运输服务等方面的持续改进和创新。随着全球化和市场竞争的加剧，物流运输优化对于企业降低成本、提高效率、增强竞争力具有重要意义。物流运输优化主要关注如何更好的管理物流运输链，提高运输效率和降低运营成本。基于此，本文研究了影响运输效率的因素以及建立模型比较不同路径所花费的成本。首先，本文基于某港口物流公司实际运输数据，分析影响货物是否准点到达的影响因素，运用回归分析确定影响货物准点到达的几个重要的影响因素。其次本文基于回归结果建立了一个数学模型，确定最小化物流运输成本条件下的最佳路径。通过收集了运输过程中的各个环节的时间数据，本文分析了这些时间数据与货物准点到达之间的关联性，并对影响因素进行分析。本文将数据代入模型来计算出每条路径的成本，比较了不同路径之间的成本差异，包括物流运输过程中的时间成本、人工成本以及其他相关费用。最后，本文再采用节约里程算法对所研究企业的配送路径优化问题进行探究剖析，通过分析这些数据和计算结果来确定最佳成本路径。

Abstract: Logistics transportation optimization is an important component of modern supply chain management. It involves continuous improvement and innovation in aspects such as transportation networks, modes of transportation, transportation costs, transportation efficiency, and transportation services. With the rapid development of globalization and intensifying market competition, logistics transportation optimization is of great significance for enterprises to reduce costs, improve efficiency, and enhance competitiveness. The focus of logistics transportation optimization is on how to better manage the logistics transportation chain, enhance transportation efficiency, and reduce operational costs. In light of this, the present study investigates the factors that influence transportation efficiency and establishes a model to compare the cost of different routes. The paper has collected transportation data from a port logistics company, analyzed the factors affecting the punctuality of cargo arrival, and conducted a regression analysis on the time difference between the actual arrival time and the required arrival time to identify several key factors that affect punctual cargo arrival. Based on the regression results, a mathematical model is constructed in this paper to determine the optimal route under the condition of minimizing logistics transportation costs. By collecting time data from various stages of the transportation process, this paper analyzes the correlation between these time data and the punctuality of cargo arrival and conducts an analysis of the influencing factors. The paper then substitutes the collected data into the model to calculate the cost of each route and compares the cost differences between different routes, including the time cost, labor cost, and other related expenses in the logistics transportation process. Furthermore, the paper employs the savings distance algorithm to explore and analyze the optimization of the delivery routes for the studied enterprise, determining the best cost path through the analysis of these data and computational results.