STEM教育能力何以提升——《芬兰国家STEM战略和行动计划》的解读与启示

How to Improve STEM Education Ability—Interpretation and Enlightenment of Finland’s National STEM Strategy and Action Plan

摘要: 近年来STEM教育已成为全世界教育改革热点，各教育发达国家相继发布相关政策支持STEM教育的发展。更值得关注的是，2023年5月16日，芬兰教育和文化部发布《STEM国家战略和行动计划》，指出了目前芬兰STEM教育的困境，明确了芬兰STEM教育的措施，为芬兰STEM教育的发展指明了方向。基于芬兰STEM教育政策，结合我国目前的STEM教育发展现状，探讨了发展我国STEM教育的实施路径，一是国家层面加强STEM教育的顶层规划，二是构建系统的STEM教师培养体系，三是整合多方力量促进STEM教育发展，为我国STEM教育的发展提供了思路。

Abstract: In recent years, STEM education has become a hot topic in education reform all over the world, and various education-developed countries have successively issued relevant policies to support the development of STEM education. More noteworthy is that on May 16, 2023, the Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture issued the “STEM National Strategy and Action Plan”, which pointed out the current predicament of STEM education in Finland, clarified the measures for STEM education in Finland, and pointed out the direction for the development of STEM education in Finland. Based on the STEM education policy of Finland and the current development status of STEM education in China, this paper discusses the implementation path of developing STEM education in China. The first is to strengthen the top-level planning of STEM education at the national level, the second is to build a systematic STEM teacher training system, and the third is to integrate various forces to promote the development of STEM education. It provides some ideas for the development of STEM education in our country.