植物新品种权侵权案件司法鉴定适用研究——基于305份司法裁判文书的实证分析

Study on the Application of Judicial Appraisal in the Case of Infringement of New Plant Variety Rights—Empirical Analysis Based on 305 Judicial Decision Documents

摘要: 技术鉴定是植物新品种权纠纷案件审理中认定侵权的最主要手段。基于305份司法裁判文书的实证分析显示，技术鉴定在类案中的适用情况未达理论上的理想效果。在具体方法选择上，呈现出DNA鉴定为主，DUS鉴定为辅的特征。结合数据分析和司法个案，进一步发现技术鉴定适用中在鉴定方法科学性、鉴定机构权威性、机构布局合理性以及鉴定程序合法性等方面存在一定问题，并提出通过生物化学、信息技术等技术手段和法律手段结合优化鉴定环节、合理布局鉴定机构、完善鉴定与诉讼的衔接机制等完善路径。

Abstract: Technical appraisal is the most important means of determining infringement in cases of disputes over new plant variety rights. The empirical analysis based on 305 judicial documents shows that the application of technical identification in such cases has not reached the theoretically ideal effect. In the selection of specific methods, it presents the characteristics of DNA identification as the main one and DUS identification as the supplementary one. Combined with the data analysis and judicial cases, it is further found that there are certain problems in the application of technical identification in terms of scientific identification methods, authority of identification agencies, rationality of the layout of the agencies and legality of the identification procedures, etc., and it is proposed to optimize the identification process through the combination of biochemistry, information technology and other technological and legal means, to rationally lay out the identification agencies, and to perfect the mechanism for the connection of identification and litigation and other paths of improvement.