行政复议中调解制度的适用问题

The Application of Mediation System in Administrative Reconsideration

摘要: 行政复议调解制度的适用有三个理论阶段：完全否认的“公权力不可处分说”、模糊适用的“复议可以调解说”、立法确认为基础的“肯定适用说”。调解制度可以运用于行政复议制度关键在于二者功能的契合，包括权利救济功能、解决争议功能、监督行政功能。实践中，行政复议中调解制度的适用问题包括调解职能范围不当扩张、调解程序不健全、调解书效力不明确等。行政复议调解制度可以通过严格限制扩张职能范围、统一调解的程序性规定、明确复议调解书的效力、完善行政复议调解监督制度等方法得到改善，以达到行政复议制度化解行政争议的主渠道作用。

Abstract: There are three theoretical stages in the application of administrative reconsideration mediation system: the theory that public power cannot be disposed of completely denied, the theory that reconsideration can be conciliated vaguely applied, and the theory of affirmative application based on legislative confirmation. The key to the application of mediation system in administrative reconsideration system lies in the compatibility of the two functions, including the right relief function, the dispute resolution function and the administrative supervision function. In practice, the application problems of mediation system in administrative reconsideration include improper expansion of the scope of mediation functions, imperfect mediation procedures, and unclear validity of mediation documents. The administrative reconsideration mediation system can be improved by strictly limiting the expansion of the scope of functions, unifying the procedural provisions of mediation, clarifying the validity of the mediation document, and improving the supervision system of administrative reconsideration mediation, so as to achieve the role of administrative reconsideration system as the main channel for resolving administrative disputes.