基于超声波的室内定位系统设计

Design of Indoor Positioning System Based on Ultrasonic

摘要: 在信息时代，随着物联网和移动通信技术的飞速发展，室内定位在一些常见的应用场景，比如大型工厂、大型购物中心等对位置服务有较高要求的的场所中发挥了重要作用。本文以STM32为主控芯片，加载超声波测距、TPS5430、DS18B20、OLED屏等模块设计了一款室内定位系统，该系统能够测得待定位目标的方位和距离，自动接收、采集、处理和显示信号。测量结果表明，在同一温度下距离探测误差小于2%。部分超声波室内定位系统，将三个超声波接收端固定在三个不同的方位上，无法随意改换位置且相距较远，通信干扰较大，对硬件的要求高，只能应用在一个较大的无遮挡场地。本系统则将三个超声波接收端集成在一个装置上，方便搭载在室内机器人、送餐小车等设备上可以任意改换位置进行定位。

Abstract: In the information age, with the rapid development of the Internet of Things and mobile communication technology, indoor positioning plays an important role in some common application scenarios, such as large factories, large shopping centers and other places with high requirements for location services. In this paper, an indoor positioning system is designed with STM32 as the main controller chip, loaded with ultrasonic ranging, TPS5430, DS18B20, OLED screen and other modules, which is able to measure the bearing and distance of the target to be located, and automatically receive, collect, process and display the signals. Measurement results show that the distance detection error is less than 2% at the same temperature. Some of the ultrasonic indoor positioning systems fix the three ultrasonic receivers in three different orientations, which cannot be changed at will and the communication interference is greater when they are far away from each other, which requires high hardware and can only be applied in a large and unobstructed site. This system integrates the three ultrasonic receivers into one device, which is convenient to be mounted on indoor robots, delivery trolleys, and other equipment, and can be arbitrarily changed for positioning.