九省联考与2023年高考的试题比较研究

A Comparative Study of the Test Questions of the Nine Provinces Joint Examination and the 2023 College Entrance Examination

摘要: 2024年1月九省联考之后，多省高考数学将采用其考试结构。因此，对九省联考与2023年高考试题难度的比较分析至关重要。本文基于武小鹏等人建立的高考试题综合难度模型，从背景因素、含参情况、运算水平、推理能力、知识含量、思维方向和认知水平七个维度进行分析。结果表明，相较于2023年高考试题，九省联考的题目在背景因素的考查上难度有所降低，在知识含量的考查上更为均衡；但是在含参情况、运算水平、推理能力、思维方向和认知水平的考查上并未出现显著的变动。结合讨论结果，从课程标准、教材使用和育人三个方面对教师教学提出了建议。

Abstract: After the Nine Provinces Joint Examination in January 2024, the mathematics of the Advanced Placement Examination in many provinces will adopt its examination structure. Therefore, a comparative analysis of the difficulty of the nine-province joint examination and the 2023 college entrance examination is crucial. Based on the comprehensive difficulty model of the senior examination questions established by Wu Xiaopeng et al., this paper analyzes the seven dimensions of background factors, parameter content, arithmetic level, reasoning ability, knowledge content, thinking direction and cognitive level. The results show that compared with the 2023 HKALE questions, the questions of the nine provinces’ joint examination are less difficult in terms of background factors and more balanced in terms of knowledge content; however, there is no significant change in the examination of reference content, arithmetic level, reasoning ability, thinking direction and cognitive level. Taking the results into account, suggestions were made for teachers’ teaching in terms of curriculum standards, use of teaching materials and human development.