论“人的生活”在马克思本体论构境中的地位

On the Place of “Human Life” in Marx’s Ontological Conceptualization

摘要: “人们为了能够‘创造历史’，必须能够生活”这条蕴含着自然对人类的强大感性驱迫力的历史唯物主义基本前提，在马克思的本体论构境及其资本逻辑批判中占据了极为重要的地位。通过“驱迫力还原”的方式，马克思将资本主义生产关系对人的驱迫还原为感性生存本身对人的驱迫；这一理论地基不仅使得他以哲学革命开展的新本体论构境实现了对青年黑格尔派和黑格尔本人的超越，而且成为了与其他现代思想开展批判性沟通的本体论基点。就其思想内容而言，“人的生活”既是理解资本何以组织为现代社会权力的理论抓手，又是在当代持续深入开展资本逻辑批判及其现实扬弃的根本导向所在。

Abstract: The basic premise of historical materialism, that “in order to ‘make history’, people must be able to live”, which implies the powerful perceptual compulsion of nature on human beings, occupies an extremely important place in Marx’s ontological conception and his critique of the logic of capital. By means of the “reduction of repulsion”, Marx reduces the repulsion of capitalist relations of production to the repulsion of sensual existence itself; this theoretical foundation not only enables his new ontological context of philosophical revolution to realize the transcendence of the Young Hegelians and Hegel himself, but also becomes an ontological foundation for the critical communication with other modern thought. This theoretical ground not only enables him to realize the transcendence of the Young Hegelians and Hegel himself with the new ontological context developed by the philosophical revolution, but also becomes the ontological ground for critical communication with other modern thoughts. In terms of the content of his thought, “human life” is not only the theoretical grip for understanding how capital is organized as the power of modern society, but also the fundamental orientation for the continuous and in-depth critique of the logic of capital and its rejection in reality in the contemporary era.