超疏水涂层在金属防腐领域的研究进展
Research Progress of Superhydrophobic Coatings in the Field of Metal Corrosion Protection
摘要: 超疏水涂层是指与水的接触角大于150˚，且滚动角小于10˚的一种具有特殊表面浸润性质的涂层，微纳米粗糙结构加之低表面能修饰使得超疏水涂层具有优异的不浸润性，通常具有超疏水、自清洁、防结冰、防腐蚀、油水分离等优点，在金属腐蚀防护领域具有广阔的应用前景。通过调研国内外近年关于的超疏水涂层在金属领域的相关研究论文，综述了超疏水涂层的构筑原理以及超疏水涂层在金属表面的防腐机理，介绍了包括刻蚀法、层叠层自组装法、溶胶凝胶法、水热合成法、电化学沉积法及喷涂法在内的金属表面超疏水涂层的主要制备方法，并分析了各类超疏水涂层制备方法的利弊，最后从扩大超疏水涂层工业应用范围及提升超疏水涂层综合性能角度对超疏水涂层在金属防腐领域的未来发展方向进行了展望。
Abstract: Superhydrophobic coatings refer to coatings with special surface wetting properties that have a contact angle with water greater than 150˚ and a rolling angle less than 10˚. The micro/nano rough structure coupled with low surface energy modification makes the superhydrophobic coatings excellent non-wetting properties, and generally have advantages such as super-hydrophobicity, self-cleaning, anti-icing, corrosion prevention, and oil water separation. They have broad application prospects in the field of metal corrosion protection. Based on the research on the related research papers of superhydrophobic coatings in the metal field at home and abroad in recent years, the construction principle of superhydrophobic coatings and the anti-corrosion mechanism of superhydrophobic coatings on metal surfaces were reviewed, and the main preparation methods of superhydrophobic coatings on metal surfaces, including etching, stacking self-assembly, sol gel, hydrothermal synthesis, electrochemical deposition and spraying, were introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of various preparation methods of superhydrophobic coatings are analyzed. Finally, the future development direction of superhydrophobic coatings in the field of metal corrosion protection is prospected from the perspective of expanding the industrial application scope and improving the comprehensive performance of superhydrophobic coatings.
文章引用：王玉娇, 叶焕, 王刚, 刘可馨, 徐浩, 韩进. 超疏水涂层在金属防腐领域的研究进展[J]. 材料科学, 2024, 14(8): 1145-1158. https://doi.org/10.12677/ms.2024.148129

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