农村地区靠地养老模式的保障功能及制度配置——以河南豫村的田野样本为例

The Security Function and Institutional Configuration of the Land-Based Pension Model in Rural Areas—Taking a Field Sample from Yu Village, Henan Province as an Example

摘要: “靠地养老”是豫村老年人自生自发的养老模式，是传统家庭养老模式式微、现代社会养老保障资源不足、实践中自我养老逐渐兴起的背景下形成的。其经济基础是以农村耕地承包经营权为核心的农地制度，农村集体成员权是“靠地养老”的制度基础，社会保障体系为自我养老提供了政策支持。“靠地养老”模式发挥了经济保障、养老保障、价值保障的三种价值功能。以此成为农村地区应对人口老龄化的有益实践和探索，从而丰富学界对农村养老的认识。

Abstract: “Land-based pension” is a spontaneous pension model for the elderly in Yu village, which is formed under the background of the decline of the traditional family pension model, the lack of pension security resources in modern society, and the gradual rise of self-pension in practice. Its economic basis is the farmland system with the right to contract management of rural cultivated land as the core, the right of rural collective membership is the institutional basis of “land-based pension”, and the social security system provides policy support for self-pension. The “land-based pension” model has played three value functions: economic security, old-age security, and value security. In this way, it has become a useful practice and exploration in rural areas to cope with the aging of the population, so as to enrich the understanding of rural pension in the academic community.