论未成年人订立电子商务合同的效力

On the Effect of Minors Entering into Electronic Commerce Contracts

摘要: 在电子商务交易占据半壁江山的互联网时代，未成年订立电子商务合同的情况逐渐常态化。网络的迅速发展，未成年人早熟现象普遍。而《民法典》过于偏向对未成年人的保护，会限制未成年人自由意志的表达，同时也不利于网络交易的发展。因此如何平衡未成年人财产权益保护和促进网络交易发展二者关系问题值得我们思考。本文从这一问题出发，拟将未成年人订立电子合同的行为分为网络游戏充值行为，打赏行为，日常交易行为这三类，提出将结合未成年人的真实意思表示和交易金额作为认定标准来认定未成年人订立电子商务合同行为的效力，突破了《民法典》的传统规定，以求得在尊重未成年人自由意志的基础上，保护未成年人的财产权益，同时促进网络交易的发展。

Abstract: In the Internet era, where e-commerce transactions account for half of the country, the situation of minors entering into e-commerce contracts has gradually become normal. With the rapid development of the Internet, the precocious puberty of minors is common. However, the Civil Code is too biased to the protection of minors, which will limit the expression of minors’ free will, and is not conducive to the development of online transactions. Therefore, it is worth thinking about how to balance the relationship between the protection of minors’ property rights and the promotion of the development of online transactions. Starting from this problem, this paper plans to divide the behaviors of minors entering into electronic contracts into three categories: online game topup behavior, reward behavior, and daily transaction behavior. It proposes to combine the true expression of minors’ intention and transaction amount as the identification standard to determine the validity of the behaviors of minors entering into electronic commerce contracts, breaking through the traditional provisions of the Civil Code. In order to respect the free will of minors on the basis of protecting the property rights of minors, while promoting the development of online transactions.