麻荆止咳颗粒对咳嗽变异性哮喘大鼠肺组织病理形态学变化的实验研究

Experimental Study on the Effect of Majing Zhike Granules on the Pathological Morphological Changes of Lung Tissue in Rats with Cough Variant Asthma

摘要: 目的：观察麻荆止咳颗粒对咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)模型大鼠肺组织病理形态学变化及咳嗽次数的影响，探讨麻荆止咳颗粒改善CVA气道炎症的作用及疗效。方法：将60只SPF级SD雄性大鼠按照随机数字表法分为空白组、模型组、孟鲁司特钠组和麻荆止咳颗粒低、中、高剂量组各10只。空白组不予造模，其余各组均采用卵清白蛋白(OVA)和氢氧化铝凝胶致敏并用OVA雾化激发的方法复制CVA模型大鼠。造模成功后，孟鲁司特钠组给予孟鲁司特钠溶液，麻荆止咳颗粒低、中、高剂量组分别给予麻荆止咳颗粒溶液对应药物剂量灌胃给药，空白组、模型组给予等体积蒸馏水，每天1次，连续14天。观察6组大鼠HE染色肺组织病理形态学变化及末次给药后3 min内咳嗽次数。结果：与空白组比较，模型组可见显著的气道炎症表现，末次给药后3 min咳嗽次数明显增多(P < 0.05)；与模型组对比，孟鲁司特钠组和麻荆止咳颗粒低、中、高剂量组气道炎症浸润情况均有不同程度减轻，末次给药后3 min咳嗽次数均有不同程度减少(P < 0.05)。与孟鲁司特钠组比较，麻荆止咳颗粒中、高剂量组末次给药后3 min咳嗽次数明显减轻(P < 0.05)，麻荆止咳颗粒低剂量组咳嗽次数减少方面比较无显著性差异(P > 0.05)，麻荆止咳颗粒低、中、高剂量组气道炎症浸润改善情况无显著性差异(P > 0.05)。结论：麻荆止咳颗粒可减轻CVA大鼠肺组织的气道炎性损伤，减少咳嗽次数，从而减轻气道炎症，促进疾病恢复。

Abstract: Objective: To observe the effect of Majing Zhike Granules on the pathological morphological changes of lung tissue and the number of coughs in rats with cough variant asthma (CVA) model, and to explore the effect and efficacy of Majing Zhike Granules in improving CVA airway inflammation. Methods: Sixty SPF SD male rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a montelukast sodium group, and a low-, medium-, and high-dose Majing Zhike Granules group, 10 in each group. The blank group was not modeled, and the remaining groups were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminum hydroxide gel and stimulated with OVA aerosol to replicate the CVA model rats. After successful modeling, the montelukast sodium group was given montelukast sodium solution, and the low-, medium-, and high-dose Majing Zhike Granules groups were given Majing Zhike Granules solution by gavage at the corresponding drug doses. The blank group and model group were given equal volumes of distilled water once a day for 14 consecutive days. The pathological morphological changes of lung tissues stained with HE and the number of coughs within 3 minutes after the last administration of the drug were observed in the six groups of rats. Results: Compared with the blank group, the model group showed significant airway inflammation, and the number of coughs increased significantly 3 minutes after the last administration (P < 0.05); compared with the model group, the airway inflammation infiltration in the montelukast sodium group and the low-, medium-, and high-dose Majing Zhike Granules groups were alleviated to varying degrees, and the number of coughs decreased to varying degrees 3 minutes after the last administration of the drug (P < 0.05). Compared with the montelukast sodium group, the number of coughs in the medium and high dose groups of Majing Zhike Granules was significantly reduced 3 minutes after the last administration (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the reduction of coughs in the low dose group of Majing Zhike Granules (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the improvement of airway inflammatory infiltration in the low, medium and high dose groups of Majing Zhike Granules (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Majing Zhike Granules can reduce airway inflammatory damage in the lung tissue of CVA rats, reduce the number of coughs, thereby reducing airway inflammation and promoting disease recovery.