亚麻纤维水泥基复合材料性能研究

Study on the Properties of Flax Fiber Cement-Based Composite Materials

摘要: 采用植物纤维替代工业纤维增强水泥基材料，可以满足工业纤维所带来的增强效果，符合我国绿色环保可持续发展之路。本文以亚麻纤维水泥基复合材料为研究对象，选取不同亚麻纤维长度和掺量，探究亚麻纤维对水泥基复合材料性能的影响规律。以纤维长度和纤维掺量作为影响因素，每个因素取三个水平，对试验结果进行分析，探究不同因素对复合材料的基本物理性能和力学性能的影响程度，并得出主要影响因素和最佳次要影响因素；选取定量的纤维掺量和长度，设置预处理的纤维组、未处理的纤维组和不掺纤维的空白组，对比分析预处理纤维与未处理纤维对复合材料的、力学性能和耐久性能的影响规律。研究结果表明：对亚麻纤维水泥基复合材料的物理性能、力学性能影响最显著的因素为亚麻纤维掺量，并确定亚麻纤维的最佳长度为10 mm；预处理纤维可以提高复合材料的抗折强度，降低复合材料的抗压强度，但与未处理纤维相比抗压强度下降的幅度较小；各试验组抗干缩能力由大到小为：预处理纤维组、未处理纤维组、不掺纤维组，抗冻能力由大到小为：预处理纤维组、不掺纤维组、未处理纤维组。

Abstract: The use of plant fiber instead of industrial fiber reinforced cement-based materials can meet the enhancement effect brought by industrial fiber, which is in line with the sustainable development of green environmental protection in China. In this paper, flax fiber cement-based composites are taken as the research object, and different lengths and contents of flax fiber are selected to explore the influence of flax fiber on the properties of cement-based composites. The fiber length and fiber content were taken as the influencing factors, and three levels were taken for each factor. The test results were analyzed to explore the influence of different factors on the basic physical properties and mechanical properties of the composites, and the main influencing factors and the best secondary influencing factors were obtained. The quantitative fiber content and length were selected, and the pretreated fiber group, untreated fiber group and blank group without fiber were set up. The effects of pretreated fiber and untreated fiber on the mechanical properties and durability of composites were compared and analyzed. The results show that the most significant factor affecting the physical and mechanical properties of flax fiber cement-based composites is the content of flax fiber, and the optimum length of flax fiber is determined to be 10 mm. Pretreated fibers can improve the flexural strength of composites and reduce the compressive strength of composites, but the decrease of compressive strength is smaller than that of untreated fibers. The anti-shrinkage ability of each test group from large to small is: pretreatment fiber group, untreated fiber group, non-doped fiber group, and the anti-freezing ability from large to small is: pretreatment fiber group, non-doped fiber group, untreated fiber group.