保留比率肺功能减损的研究进展

Research Progress in Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry

摘要: 保留比率肺功能减损(preserved ratio impaired spirometry, PRISm)定义为在吸入支气管扩张剂后，FEV1/FVC ≥ 0.7，FEV1% < 80%pred。近年来，尽管PRISm在人群中的普遍存在性已得到部分研究的确认，但相关领域的深入探讨和研究仍旧不足。过去的研究揭示，PRISm的危险因素复杂多样。与肺功能正常的人群相比，PRISm患者面临着更高的慢阻肺发生风险、心血管相关死亡风险以及全因死亡风险。若不及时加以干预，可能逐步恶化至慢阻肺，因此，PRISm的早期识别与防治显得尤为重要。本文通过全面概述PRISm的当前研究进展且通过深入分析PRISm人群的患病率、高危因素、疾病特点、相关伴随疾病、预后及治疗方法等方面，旨在增加对PRISm的全面理解，期望能够为PRISm患者提供更加精准的病情评估，促进患者的全面康复与健康管理。

Abstract: Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) is a heterogeneous lung disease, defined by after bronchodilator inhalation a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) that is less than 80% of the predicted value, whilst maintaining FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥ 0.7. In recent years, although the prevalence of PRISm in the population has been confirmed by some studies, in-depth discussion and research in related fields are still insufficient. Previous studies have found that PRISm population can be caused by a variety of risk factors. And compared with those with normal lung function, the risk of progression to the COPD, the risk of cardiovascular-related mortality and all-cause mortality is significantly increased. Without timely intervention, it may gradually deteriorate to COPD. So it is very important to detect and prevent PRISm early. This review encapsulates research pertaining to PRISm, spanning its incidence, risk factors, disease characteristics, associated diseases, prognosis and treatment, aiming to understand PRISm comprehensively, and hope to provide more accurate condition assessment for PRISm patients, and promote the comprehensive rehabilitation and health management of patients.