日语中非外来语片假名表记的独特表达效果——以漫画《电锯人》为例

The Unique Expressive Effects of Katakana Transcription in Non-Loanword in Japanese Language—A Case of Study the Manga Chainsaw Man

摘要: 现代日语的表记体系复杂多样，有平假名、片假名、汉字和罗马字等文字种类。一个词的表记方式也具有很重要的意义，所表达出的语言效果之间也会产生较大的差异。近年来，在日语中原本只用于表记外来语的片假名却频繁地被用于书写非外来语。他们是出于何种目的选择这种非常规的表记方式，这种表记方式又能带来怎样的表达效果。这一问题的究明或许有助于我们进一步了解日本社会。而日本的漫画则是以一个十分合适的研究对象。日本人的日常生活中时常能发现漫画的身影，而漫画中的非外来语片假名表记的出现频率也非常之高。本文通过调查近年的高人气日本漫画《电锯人》中已经动漫化了的前四册中出现的非外来语片假名表记，分析考察其表达效果。最后初步总结归纳得出表音、丰富视觉效果、强调、角色语、角色语特指等五类表达效果。这也预示着日本的年轻一代或在追求变化、多元，渴求新事物。

Abstract: Modern Japanese has a complex and varied system of epithets, including hiragana, katakana, kanji and romaji. The way in which a word is written is also of great significance, and the linguistic effect it conveys can vary greatly from one to the other. In recent years, katakana, which was originally used only to denote foreign words in Japanese, has been frequently used to write non-foreign words. What are the reasons for choosing this unconventional form of notation, and what kind of expressive effect does this form of notation bring? The clarification of this question may help us to further understand Japanese society. Japanese manga is a very suitable subject for this study. Japanese people often find manga in their daily lives, and the frequency of using katakana to notate words that are not loanword in manga is also very high. In this paper, we investigate this unconventional form of notation that appears in the first four manga of the highly popular Japanese manga Chainsaw Man, which has been animated in recent years, and analyze and examine their expressive effects. At last, a preliminary summary is made to conclude that there are five types of expressive effects: indicate sounds, visual enrichment, emphasis, role’s word, and special reference. It also signals that Japan’s younger generation is either seeking change, diversity and thirsting for new things.