综采工作面新型局部负压控尘方法及其规律研究

Study on New Local Negative Pressure Dust Control Method and Its Rule in Fully Mechanized Mining Face

摘要: 针对煤矿综采工作面截割作业区存在的粉尘污染问题，文章提出了一种新型局部负压控尘方法。通过建立风流–粉尘双向耦合模型，并对比分析传统通风方法和新型局部负压控尘方法的风流运移规律和粉尘扩散污染机制。结果显示，实施新型局部负压控尘方法后，通过设置的隔尘板和吸风口，大量新鲜风流在采煤机滚筒上风侧提前进入人行道，在煤壁一侧采煤机附近产生负压，煤壁一侧部分区域风速低于0.5 m/s，粉尘扩散受到限制，人行道部分区域粉尘浓度低于25.0 mg/m³。大部分粉尘被限制在煤壁一侧，人行道的平均浓度明显低于传统通风方式下的平均粉尘浓度。文章为综采面煤炭清洁化生产提供了新策略。

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of dust pollution in the cutting area of fully mechanized mining face, a new local negative pressure dust control method was proposed. The dual coupling model of air flow and dust was established, and the air flow migration rule and dust diffusion pollution mechanism of the traditional ventilation method and the new local negative pressure dust control method were compared. The results show that after the implementation of the new local negative pressure dust control method, a large number of fresh air flow enters the sidewalk in advance on the upwind side of the shearer drum through the dust insulation plate and suction tuyere, and generates negative pressure near the shearer on the side of the coal wall. The wind speed in some areas on the side of the coal wall is lower than 0.5 m/s, and the dust diffusion is limited. The dust concentration in some areas of the sidewalk was lower than 25.0 mg/m³. Most of the dust is confined to one side of the coal wall, and the average dust concentration of the sidewalk is significantly lower than that of the traditional ventilation mode. The article provides new strategies for clean production of coal in fully mechanized mining faces.