急性上消化道出血的临床诊治进展
Progress in Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2024.1482405, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 李泗云, 张 帆*:云南省第三人民医院消化内科,云南 昆明
关键词: 急性上消化道出血诊断评估治疗Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis Evaluation Treatment
摘要: 急性上消化道出血是消化系统疾病中常见的急危重症,对人类健康构成了严重威胁。在全球医疗技术飞速进步的背景下,对于这一病症的诊疗方法也在持续地得到优化和提升。本文就近年来关于急性上消化道出血的最新进展进行相关综述和探讨。
Abstract: Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) is a common critical illness in digestive system diseases and poses a serious threat to human health. Against the background of the rapid advancement of global medical technology, the diagnosis and treatment methods for this disease are constantly being optimized and improved. This article reviews and discusses the latest developments in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in recent years.
文章引用:李泗云, 张帆. 急性上消化道出血的临床诊治进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2024, 14(8): 1674-1680. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2024.1482405

参考文献

[1] Wuerth, B.A. and Rockey, D.C. (2017) Changing Epidemiology of Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage in the Last Decade: A Nationwide Analysis. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 63, 1286-1293. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[2] Alruzug, I.M., Aldarsouny, T.A., Semaan, T., et al. (2021) Time Trends of Causes of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Endoscopic Findings. Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology, 27, 28-34.
[3] Sverdén, E., Markar, S.R., Agreus, L. and Lagergren, J. (2018) Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. BMJ, 363, k4023. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[4] 中国医师协会急诊医师分会, 中华医学会急诊医学分会, 全军急救医学专业委员会, 等. 急性上消化道出血急诊诊治流程专家共识(2020版) [J]. 中华急诊医学杂志, 2021, 30(1): 15-24.
[5] Stanley, A.J. and Laine, L. (2019) Management of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. BMJ, 364, L536. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[6] Li, Y., Li, H., Zhu, Q., Tsochatzis, E., Wang, R., Guo, X., et al. (2019) Effect of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Manifestations at Admission on the In-Hospital Outcomes of Liver Cirrhosis: Hematemesis versus Melena without Hematemesis. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 31, 1334-1341. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[7] Qayed, E. and Samo, S. (2018) The Effect of Hematemesis Type on Outcomes in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 113, 1252-1253. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[8] Terceros-Almanza, L.J., García-Fuentes, C., Bermejo-Aznárez, S., Prieto-del Portillo, I.J., Mudarra-Reche, C., Sáez-de la Fuente, I., et al. (2017) Prediction of Massive Bleeding. Shock Index and Modified Shock Index. Medicina Intensiva, 41, 532-538. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[9] Donovan, K., Stanworth, S. and Jairath, V. (2019) The Optimal Use of Blood Components in the Management of Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology, 42, Article ID: 101600. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[10] Wang, J., Ren, H., Gu, B., et al. (2024) Differential Analysis of Blood Routine Examination Parameters in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine.
[11] Li, J., Qi, X., Deng, H., et al. (2016) Association of Conventional Haemostasis and Coagulation Tests with the Risk of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Liver Cirrhosis: A Retrospective Study. Gastroenterology Report, 4, 315-319.
[12] Chopra, D., Rosenberg, M., Moayyedi, P. and Narula, N. (2019) Is Blood Urea Concentration an Independent Predictor of Positive Endoscopic Findings in Presumed Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding? Digestive Diseases, 38, 77-84. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[13] Lau, J.Y.W., Yu, Y., Tang, R.S.Y., Chan, H.C.H., Yip, H., Chan, S.M., et al. (2020) Timing of Endoscopy for Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. New England Journal of Medicine, 382, 1299-1308. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Hegde, S., Sutphin, P.D., Zurkiya, O. and Kalva, S.P. (2023) Provocative Mesenteric Angiography for Occult Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Systematic Review. CVIR Endovascular, 6, Article No. 42. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Jamplis, R.P., Friedman, L. and Adhikari, S. (2017) Point of Care Ultrasound Diagnosis of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Cureus, 9, e1956. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[16] Gupta, K., Kably, I.M. and Girotra, M. (2019) Endoscopic Ultrasound-Assisted Diagnosis of Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Cureus, 11, e5581. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] Rockall, T.A., Logan, R.F., Devlin, H.B. and Northfield, T.C. (1996) Risk Assessment after Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage. Gut, 38, 316-321. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Blatchford, O., Murray, W.R. and Blatchford, M. (2000) A Risk Score to Predict Need for Treatment for Uppergastrointestinal Haemorrhage. The Lancet, 356, 1318-1321. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] Saltzman, J.R., Tabak, Y.P., Hyett, B.H., Sun, X., Travis, A.C. and Johannes, R.S. (2011) A Simple Risk Score Accurately Predicts In-Hospital Mortality, Length of Stay, and Cost in Acute Upper GI Bleeding. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 74, 1215-1224. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Wilhoit, C.B., Holman, N.D. and Rockey, D.C. (2020) Blood Transfusion Practices in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Response to a Landmark Study. Journal of Investigative Medicine, 68, 882-887. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Wu, C., Yang, S., Liang, C., Li, Y., Yeh, W., Tai, W., et al. (2019) The Role of Antibiotics in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding among Cirrhotic Patients without Major Complications after Endoscopic Hemostasis. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 35, 777-787. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] Leung, T., Kedzior, S., Moore, K., Bierman, J. and Coralic, Z. (2022) Intermittent versus Continuous Infusion Dosing of Intravenous Proton Pump Inhibitors for Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 56, 1127-1132. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Meng, R., Chen, L., Zhang, M., Cai, W., Yin, S., Fan, Y., et al. (2022) Effectiveness and Safety of Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonists: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 63, 7-20. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[24] Gomes-Porras, M., Cárdenas-Salas, J. and Álvarez-Escolá, C. (2020) Somatostatin Analogs in Clinical Practice: A Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21, Article 1682. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] McQuilten, Z.K., Wood, E.M. and Medcalf, R.L. (2024) When to Use Tranexamic Acid for the Treatment of Major Bleeding? Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 22, 581-593. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[26] Nagata, N., Kobayashi, K., Yamauchi, A., Yamada, A., Omori, J., Ikeya, T., et al. (2021) Identifying Bleeding Etiologies by Endoscopy Affected Outcomes in 10,342 Cases with Hematochezia: CODE BLUE-J Study. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 116, 2222-2234. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Mullady, D.K., Wang, A.Y. and Waschke, K.A. (2020) AGA Clinical Practice Update on Endoscopic Therapies for Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Expert Review. Gastroenterology, 159, 1120-1128. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Schmidt, A.R., Glaser, N., Kuellmer, A., Caca, K. and Lau, J. (2020) The Use of the over the Scope Clip to Treat Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America, 30, 1-11. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Kichler, A. and Jang, S. (2019) Endoscopic Hemostasis for Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: New Frontiers. Clinical Endoscopy, 52, 401-406. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[30] Lau, L.H.S. and Sung, J.J.Y. (2020) Treatment of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in 2020: New Techniques and Outcomes. Digestive Endoscopy, 33, 83-94. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[31] Zuckerman, M.J., Elhanafi, S. and Mendoza Ladd, A. (2022) Endoscopic Treatment of Esophageal Varices. Clinics in Liver Disease, 26, 21-37. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[32] Park, G.W., Choi, S.Y., Kim, Y.J. and Jeong, J. (2023) Usefulness of Antegrade Foam Sclerotherapy for Portal Hypertensive Variceal Bleeding. Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, 29, 826-831. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[33] Loffroy, R., Mouillot, T., Bardou, M. and Chevallier, O. (2020) Current Role of Cyanoacrylate Glue Transcatheter Embolization in the Treatment of Acute Nonvariceal Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 14, 975-984. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[34] 杨丽. 急性上消化道大出血介入治疗现状[J]. 四川大学学报(医学版), 2022, 53(3): 361-366.
[35] Medina-Prado, L., Baile-Maxía, S., Bozhychko, M., Mangas-Sanjuan, C., Martínez-Sempere, J., Casellas, J.A., et al. (2020) Recurrent Upper Gastrointestinal Ulcer Bleeding Treated by Coil Embolization Guided by Endoscopic Ultrasonography. Endoscopy, 52, E424-E425. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[36] Vaz, K., Efthymiou, M., Vaughan, R., Testro, A.G., Lew, H., Pu, L.Z.C.T., et al. (2021) Unpacking the Challenge of Gastric Varices: A Review on Indication, Timing and Modality of Therapy. World Journal of Hepatology, 13, 868-878. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[37] Kuang, F., Wang, J. and Wang, B. (2023) Emergency Exploratory Laparotomy and Radical Gastrectomy in Patients with Gastric Cancer Combined with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, 15, 1423-1433. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[38] 徐伟, 涂兵. 断流术在肝硬化门静脉高压中的作用及争议[J]. 临床肝胆病杂志, 2020, 36(3): 670-672.
[39] 汪运鹏, 鄢金柱, 张示杰, 等. 分流术联合断流术治疗门静脉高压症有效性及安全性的系统评价[J]. 农垦医学, 2018, 40(1): 1-8.
[40] Zhu, W., Wang, X., Lv, Y., Chen, H., Chen, X., Li, X., et al. (2023) Comparison of Long-Term Outcomes of Splenectomy with Periesophagogastric Devascularization and Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt in Treating Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension Patients with Recurrent Variceal Bleeding. Langenbecks Archives of Surgery, 408, Article No. 215. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[41] Zong, G.Q., Fei, Y. and Liu, R.M. (2015) Comparison of Effects of Devascularization versus Shunt on Patients with Portal Hyper-Tension: A Meta-Analysis. Hepato-Gastroenterology, 62, 144-150.