农村互助养老的困境及优化路径研究

Research on the Challenges and Optimization Paths of Rural Mutual Assistance Elderly Care

摘要: 随着我国步入深度老龄化阶段，农村地区老龄化进程加快，养老问题面临严峻挑战，传统养老模式功能逐渐弱化，农村由于其传统村落文化更强、邻里关系和亲缘关系更密切等特点，出现了适应时代发展的互助养老模式。互助养老模式，不仅可以弥补传统养老模式的不足，也能够满足当代农村空巢老人多样化的养老需求，被认为是中国农村地区养老的可行之路。然而，其发展仍面临一系列困境，如资金与资源双重短缺、专业服务人才匮乏、参与主体动力不足等。因此，文章剖析了目前在农村地区实施互助养老的可行性，并提出了加大资金投入与资源整合、加强专业人才培养与引进、提高参与主体积极性等针对性的发展建议，以期为农村互助养老的健康发展提供有力支撑。

Abstract: As China enters a stage of deep aging, the aging process in rural areas is accelerating, and the issue of elderly care is facing severe challenges. The function of traditional elderly care models is gradually weakening. Due to the stronger traditional village culture, closer neighborly and kinship relationships, and other characteristics, a mutual assistance elderly care model that adapts to the development of the times has emerged in rural areas. The mutual assistance elderly care model can not only make up for the shortcomings of traditional elderly care models, but also meet the diverse elderly care needs of contemporary rural empty nest elderly. It is considered a feasible path for elderly care in rural areas of China. However, its development still faces a series of challenges, such as a shortage of funds and resources, a shortage of professional service talents, and insufficient motivation for participating entities. Therefore, this article analyzes the feasibility of implementing mutual assistance for elderly care in rural areas, and proposes targeted development suggestions such as increasing capital investment and resource integration, strengthening professional talent training and introduction, and improving the enthusiasm of participating entities, in order to provide strong support for the healthy development of mutual assistance for elderly care in rural areas.