心肺运动试验在间质性肺疾病中的临床应用及研究进展

Clinical Application and Research Progress of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Interstitial Lung Disease

摘要: 不同病因的间质性肺疾病患者普遍展现出一些共同的临床表现，包括不同程度的呼吸困难、咳嗽以及运动耐量的显著下降等。这些症状严重影响了患者的生活质量。心肺运动试验是目前评估运动耐量的“金标准”，该试验能够全面揭示运动过程中患者呼吸、心血管、骨骼肌、神经感觉等多个系统综合功能的异常，从而为慢性呼吸系统疾病(包括间质性肺疾病)患者的诊断提供线索、进一步指导治疗方案、制定运动处方及后期康复训练计划。初步证据表明，该项检查还可用于揭示间质性肺疾病患者中相关肺动脉高压的存在。本文就心肺运动试验在间质性肺疾病中临床应用及研究进展作一综述。

Abstract: Patients with interstitial lung disease caused by different etiologies exhibit, have some common clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, significant reduced exercise tolerance, persistent cough, and pronounced fatigue, which severely impact their quality of life. Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing is currently the “gold standard” for assessing exercise tolerance. This test can reveal abnormalities in the comprehensive functions of multiple systems, including respiratory, cardiovascular, skeletal muscle, and neurosensory systems. It provides clues for the diagnosis of these patients with chronic respiratory diseases, further guiding treatment plans, formulating exercise prescriptions, and making later rehabilitation training plans. Preliminary evidence suggests that this test can also be used to shed light on the presence of associated pulmonary hypertension. This article reviews the clinical application and research progress of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Interstitial Lung Disease.