数字经济时代我国数据犯罪刑法规制的挑战与应对

Challenges and Responses to the Criminal Law Regulation of Data Crimes in China in the Digital Economy Era

摘要: 数字经济时代下，我国数据犯罪呈现新的发展趋势，具有企业性、大批量以及公开性等特点。数据利用安全法益关乎我国经济市场的稳定性，只有加强数据安全规则制定，顺应大数据反垄断的公共政策需求，才能变消极防御为积极管控。为此，本文从数据刑事保护法益的界定和数据犯罪构成要件两个方面出发，详细分析了数字经济时代我国数据犯罪刑法规制所面临的挑战，并从明晰数据犯罪法益保护内涵、细化数据分类模式、重释犯罪行为要件以及建立结果量化标准四个方面提出应对路径，以期提升数据利用安全，推动社会长远稳定发展。

Abstract: In the era of digital economy, data crimes in China have shown new development trends, characterized by enterprise, large-scale, and openness. The legal interests of data utilization security are related to the stability of China’s economic market. Only by strengthening the formulation of data security rules and complying with the public policy needs of big data anti-monopoly can we transform passive defense into active control. Therefore, this article analyzes in detail the challenges faced by China’s criminal law regulation of data crimes in the digital economy era from two aspects: the definition of legal interests in data criminal protection and the constituent elements of data crimes. It proposes a response path from four aspects: clarifying the connotation of legal interests protection of data crimes, refining the data classification mode, reinterpreting the elements of criminal behavior, and establishing quantitative standards for results, in order to enhance data utilization security and promote long-term social stability and development.