外用胰岛素治疗眼表疾病的研究进展

Research Advances on Topical Insulin Treatment for Eye Surface Diseases

摘要: 眼表疾病，包括干眼、角膜上皮缺损、神经营养性角膜病变、糖尿病角膜病变等，严重威胁患者的视力，影响患者的生活质量。胰岛素是一种多功能的生长因子，主要用于调节血糖，而局部胰岛素作为一种经济实惠的治疗方法，近年来研究发现其能够促进角膜伤口愈合、抑制炎症反应并保护角膜神经，有效改善眼表疾病的治疗现状。本文综述了外用胰岛素在眼表疾病治疗中的研究进展，从实验研究到临床试验探讨其治疗潜能和机制，分析了外用胰岛素治疗眼表疾病的剂型，阐释其疗效评估和安全性监测。

Abstract: Eye surface diseases seriously threaten vision of patients and affect their quality of life, including dry eye diseases, corneal epithelial defects, neurotrophic keratopathy, and diabetic keratopathy. Insulin, a multifunctional growth factor primarily used to regulate the level of blood glucose, has emerged as an effective and economical treatment in recent years. Extensive studies suggest that insulin is able to promote corneal wound healing, suppress inflammatory responses, and protect corneal nerves, thereby improving the treatment of eye surface diseases. This review summarizes the research progress of topical insulin in the treatment of eye surface diseases, discussing its therapeutic potential and mechanisms from experimental studies to clinical trials. Moreover, the review analyzes the formulations of topical insulin for treating eye surface diseases, elucidating its efficacy evaluation and safety monitoring.