护理模式在哮喘护理中的应用进展

Progress in the Application of Nursing Models in Asthma Nursing

摘要: 哮喘是一种累及多个细胞及细胞组分的慢性气道炎性疾病，好发于儿童，其发病机制尚不明确，如何有效地控制病情进展，是减少哮喘危害的重要途径，也是保障病人正常工作、学习和生活的重要手段。哮喘是一种常见的过敏性疾病，主要表现为外感风寒、吸入烟味、刺激性气味等因素影响，发病初期，气道出现可逆性气流受限，持续时间较长，可导致严重的哮喘，严重时可进展为呼吸衰竭、COPD、肺心病，给患者带来极大的威胁。目前，哮喘的防治仍是一个世界性的公共健康难题，患者的依从性不高、易复发仍是其管理的重点和难点。寻找有效的模式进行护理来提高哮喘患者的生活质量至关重要，因此探索更加有效的护理方案成为从业人员的主要研究方向，本文就哮喘的各类护理模式进行探讨，以为此病的护理模式提供参考。

Abstract: Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease that involves multiple cells and cellular components, and is more common in children. Its pathogenesis is not yet clear, and how to effectively control the progression of the disease is an important way to reduce the harm of asthma, as well as an important means to ensure the normal work, study, and life of patients. Asthma is a common allergic disease, mainly manifested by external factors such as wind and cold, inhalation of smoke, and irritating odors. In the early stages of the disease, reversible airflow limitation occurs in the airway, which lasts for a long time and can lead to severe asthma. In severe cases, it can progress to respiratory failure, COPD, and pulmonary heart disease, posing a great threat to patients. At present, the prevention and treatment of asthma is still a global public health challenge, and the low compliance and easy recurrence of patients are still the focus and difficulty of its management. It is crucial to find effective nursing models to improve the quality of life of asthma patients. Therefore, exploring more effective nursing plans has become the main research direction for practitioners. This article explores various nursing models for asthma, providing reference for the nursing models of this disease.