基于安全性能的座椅骨架的优化设计研究

Research on Optimization Design of Seat Frame Based on Safety Performance

摘要: 汽车座椅骨架的优化设计与研究，采用了一款汽车标配的主驾驶座椅作为研究目标，先是考虑了座椅的安全性能，测量了原座椅的数据，使用建模软件SolidWorks建立了适合有限元分析的简化模型，并基于国家对汽车座椅的相关安全标准，提出了适合本文使用的研究和优化方案：首先，使用ANSYS对座椅骨架进行最基础的静力学分析，在保证其结果满足国家标准后模拟实际工况对其进行疲劳分析，结合静力学分析和疲劳分析的结果对座椅骨架最薄弱的部分展开优化设计，其次对模型进行模态分析，保证座椅试验不会产生共振。本文的优化主要采用了尺寸优化与轻量化，对优化后的模型进行相同工况的试验并于优化前进行对比，来证实本文优化设计的可行性。

Abstract: The optimization design and research of car seat frames adopted a standard driver’s seat as the research objective. Firstly, the safety performance of the seat was considered, and the data of the original seat was measured. A simplified model suitable for finite element analysis was established using the modeling software SolidWorks. Based on the relevant national safety standards for car seats, a research and optimization plan suitable for this article was proposed. Firstly, ANSYS was used to conduct the most basic static analysis of the seat frame. After ensuring that the results meet the national standards, fatigue analysis was simulated under actual working conditions. Combined with the results of static and fatigue analysis, the weakest part of the seat frame was optimized. Secondly, modal analysis was carried out on the model to ensure that resonance would not occur in the seat test. The optimization of this article mainly adopts size optimization and lightweighting. The optimized model is tested under the same operating conditions and compared before optimization to confirm the feasibility of the optimized design in this article.