两次短时强降水天气过程对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Two Short-Time Heavy Precipitation Weather Processes

摘要: 文章利用化隆地区区域加密自动气象站以及国家气象站逐小时降水数据、高低空常规观测数据等资料，运用天气学分析方法，对2023年汛期化隆地区两次短时强降水天气过程进行对比分析。结果表明：短时强降水主要出现在傍晚至夜间，分布于化隆中西部地区，与地形联系密切。两次过程分别属于西风槽冷平流强迫类和斜压锋生类，热力动力机制存在差异；地面上下游地区冷空气的入侵时间对化隆地区降水的开始有一定指示意义。短时强降水主要出现在TBB梯度大值区但其强度与小时雨强无明显相关性；两次过程中影响化隆地区的对流云移动路径以西南路径为主。

Abstract: Based on the hourly precipitation data of the regional encryption automatic weather station and the national weather station in the Hualong area, and the conventional observation data of high and low altitudes, the weather process of two short-time heavy precipitation in the Hualong area in the flood season of 2023 were compared and analyzed by using the synoptic analysis method. The results show that the short-time heavy precipitation mainly occurs in the evening to night and is distributed in the central and western regions of the Hualong area, which is closely related to the terrain. The two processes belong to the westerly trough cold advection forcing and the baroclinic frontogenesis, respectively, and the thermodynamic and dynamic mechanisms are different. The invasion time of cold air in upstream and downstream areas of the ground has a certain indication of significance for the beginning of precipitation in the Hualong area. The short-time heavy precipitation mainly occurs in the large value area of the TBB gradient, but its intensity has no obvious correlation with hourly rainfall intensity. The convective cloud movement path affecting the Hualong area in the two processes is dominated by the southwest path.