基于加速康复外科的呼吸功能训练在胃肠手术围手术期中的应用进展

Advances in the Application of Respiratory Function Training Based on Enhanced Recovery after Surgery in the Perioperative Period of Gastrointestinal Surgery

摘要: 加速康复外科(Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, ERAS)是一种提升胃肠手术患者术后恢复和生活质量的综合管理策略。本综述旨在全面总结ERAS在胃肠手术中的应用现状，特别是呼吸功能训练的实施与效用。通过对手术前体能管理、呼吸功能训练以及运动训练的深入探讨，本文揭示了这些措施在减少手术后的并发症和缩短住院时间上的显著效果。此外，本文还强调了多学科团队合作(Multi-Disciplinary Treatment)在制定和执行ERAS路径中的关键作用，指出这种合作模式对于提升ERAS临床实践的有效性和患者的整体满意度至关重要。研究结果显示，ERAS的应用不仅显著改善了患者的术后恢复速度，还有助于降低医疗成本，提高资源利用效率。因此，本文的结论对于推动ERAS在胃肠手术领域的进一步应用，以及指导相关政策制定具有重要意义。

Abstract: Enhanced Recovery after Surgery is a comprehensive management strategy designed to enhance postoperative recovery and improve the quality of life for patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the current application status of ERAS in gastrointestinal surgery, particularly focusing on the implementation and efficacy of respiratory function training. Through in-depth discussions on preoperative physical fitness management, respiratory function training, and exercise training, this paper reveals the significant effects of these measures in reducing postoperative complications and shortening hospital stays. Furthermore, it emphasizes the crucial role of multi-disciplinary treatmments in developing and implementing ERAS pathways, noting that this collaborative model is vital for enhancing the effectiveness of ERAS clinical practices and overall patient satisfaction. The research findings indicate that the application of ERAS not only significantly improves patients’ postoperative recovery speed but also helps reduce medical costs and enhance resource utilization efficiency. Consequently, the conclusions of this paper hold significant importance in promoting the further application of ERAS in the field of gastrointestinal surgery and guiding relevant policy formulation.