汉语作为第二语言的声调学习的实验研究综述：基于Citespace的文献图谱分析

A Review of Experimental Studies on the Acquisition of Mandarin Tones in Chinese as a Second Language: A Literature Mapping Analysis Based on Citespace

摘要: 汉语在国际上的重要性日益凸显，成为连接中国与世界的桥梁。汉语作为典型的声调语言，其声调变化能够区分不同的词汇意义。对于母语为非汉语的汉语学习者而言，掌握汉语声调是一项巨大挑战。近年来，学术界开始关注以下问题：二语学习者在学习汉语的时候如何学习汉语声调。本文以Web of Science (WOS)数据库中关于“汉语声调学习”的期刊论文为样本，运用CiteSpace可视化软件进行深入的文献计量分析。研究显示，当前该领域的学者和研究机构主要集中在美国，澳大利亚以及中国香港，研究学科以教育学、心理学和神经科学为主流。研究热点涵盖以第二语言词汇学习、听觉类别学习为代表的第二语言语音学习研究内容，以及下丘脑和皮质纹状体系统为主的汉语声调学习的大脑基础。展望未来，该领域在研究内容、视角和方法上均存在广阔的拓展空间。

Abstract: The Chinese language has become increasingly important in the international arena, serving as a bridge between China and the world. As a typical tonal language, the Chinese language is capable of distinguishing different lexical meanings by its tonal changes. For non-native Chinese learners, mastering Chinese tones is a great challenge. In recent years, academics have begun to focus on the following question: how do second language learners acquire Mandarin tones when learning Chinese. In this paper, we take the journal articles on “Chinese Tone Acquisition” in the Web of Science (WOS) database as a sample and conduct an in-depth bibliometric analysis using CiteSpace visualization software. The study reveals that scholars and research institutions in this field are mainly concentrated in the United States, Australia and Hong Kong SAR, China, and the main research disciplines are education, psychology and neuroscience. The research hotspots cover second language vocabulary learning and auditory category learning as the research contents of second language phonological learning, as well as hypothalamus and cortical striatal system as the brain basis of Chinese tone acquisition. This field has a wide scope for future research in terms of content, perspective and methodology.