2020年贵州省一次区域性暴雨产生的热力与动力条件分析

Analysis of the Thermal and Dynamic Conditions of a Regional Rainstorm in Guizhou Province in 2020

摘要: 应用贵州省84个国家气象观测站和2884个区域自动气象观测站观测资料，Micaps常规观测资料及NCEP逐6h的1˚ × 1˚的再分析资料，对2020年6月23日贵州省区域性暴雨过程的降水特征、主要影响系统、以及产生的热力与动力条件进行分析。结果表明：此次过程主要集中在省中南部一线，降雨强度大，降雨时间集中，局地灾害重等特点，造成本次区域性暴雨天气的主要影响系统是588线北抬，高空槽东南移，850 hPa切变、低空西南急流以及地面梅雨锋西段和地面中尺度辐合，低层系统在贵州南部维持；本次过程，700 hPa及850 hPa比湿、风场、水汽通量散度及200 hPa、850 hPa涡度对强降雨时段及落区均有较好的指示意义。

Abstract: Based on the observation data of 84 national meteorological stations and 2884 regional automatic meteorological stations in Guizhou Province, along with conventional observation data from Micaps and NCEP’s 1˚ × 1˚ reanalysis data with a 6-hour interval, this study analyzes the precipitation characteristics, main influencing systems, and the thermal and dynamic conditions associated with the regional rainstorm event that occurred in Guizhou Province on June 23, 2020. The results showed that the process was mainly concentrated in the central and southern parts of the province, with large rainfall intensity, concentrated rainfall time, and heavy local disasters. The main influencing systems causing the regional rainstorm were 588 line north lift, upper level trough southeast shift, 850 hPa shear, low-level southwest jet, the west section of the ground Meiyu front and ground mesoscale convergence, and the low-level system was maintained in the southern part of Guizhou Province. During the process, the specific humidity at 700 hPa and 850 hPa, wind field, water vapor flux divergence, and vorticity at 200 hPa and 850 hPa had good indicative significance for the period and location of heavy rainfall.