大学生良心内隐结构五因素模型的建构

The Construction of Five-Factor Model of College Students’ Implicit Structure of Conscience

摘要: 为了探讨当代大学生良心内隐结构，采用广义的实验社会心理学方法进行研究。首先，采用字词联想法收集数据，370名大学生以“良心”为靶子词进行自由联想，选出前60个高频词语作为分析单位，60名大学生对其进行项目分类后，得到良心的5个高阶簇。另请600名大学生对60个良心特征词组成的项目问卷进行评价，探索性因素分析、系统聚类分析和验证性因素分析的结果表明，大学生良心内隐结构包含5个因素：爱人、明智、进取、义举和责任。大学生良心内隐结构的五因素模型体现出典型的中国文化特色，该模型的建构将有助于促进良心道德教育的开展。

Abstract: To explore the implicit structure of conscience among contemporary college students, a generalized experimental social psychology method was employed. First, the word association method was used to collect data, where 370 college students freely associated words with “conscience” as the target word. The top 60 high-frequency words were selected as the units of analysis. Subsequently, 60 college students categorized these items, resulting in five high-order clusters of conscience. Another 600 college students were invited to evaluate the item questionnaire composed of these 60 conscience characteristic words. The results of exploratory factor analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the implicit structure of conscience among college students comprises five factors: loving, wisdom, progressiveness, righteous deeds, and responsibility. The five-factor model of the implicit structure of conscience among college students reflects typical Chinese cultural characteristics, and the construction of this model will contribute to advancing the implementation of conscience and moral education.