高等教育规模、技术创新水平与制造业转型升级

The Scale of Higher Education, Level of Technological Innovation and the Transformation and Upgrading of Manufacturing Industry

摘要: 本文基于2008~2022年中国30个省份的面板数据，通过固定效应和中介效应模型实证检验高等教育规模对制造业转型升级的影响和作用机制。研究发现：高等教育规模可以通过提高技术创新水平促进我国制造业的转型升级。并且行业异质性表明，高等教育规模对劳动和资本密集型制造业影响为负，对技术密集型制造业影响显著为正；区域异质性表明，我国东部和东北地区的高等教育规模对制造业转型升级有显著正向影响。因此，扩大高等教育的规模，提升技术创新水平以及合理配置区域间高等教育资源，对我国制造业转型升级至关重要。

Abstract: Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2008 to 2022, the paper empirically examines the influence and mechanism of the scale of higher education on the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry through fixed effect and intermediary effect models. It is found that the scale of higher education can promote the transformation and upgrading of China’s manufacturing industry by improving the level of technological innovation. Industry heterogeneity shows that the scale of higher education has a negative impact on labor-intensive and capital-intensive manufacturing, and a significant positive impact on technology-intensive manufacturing. Regional heterogeneity indicates that the scale of higher education in eastern and northeastern China has a significant positive impact on the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. It is very important to expand the scale of higher education, improve the level of technological innovation and rationally allocate inter-regional higher education resources for the transformation and upgrading of China’s manufacturing industry.