人性化的城市水灾救援装备设计

Humanized Urban Flood Rescue Equipment Design

摘要: 随着暴雨频发，城市突发性水灾的增多对救援工作的响应与战略部署以及居民身心健康带来了重大挑战。本文致力于以人性化设计为导向，优化城市水灾的救援流程，提高救援效率。研究采用桌面调研和影像资料观察法对灾难场景进行痛点分析，并对城市水灾经历者进行问卷调查与用户访谈，以Kano模型对需求进行分级。同时从城市水灾中灾民“自救”与“他救”的双线程角度出发，结合理论研究与设计实践，对水灾救援装备进行创新设计，为未来城市水灾救援提供新的思路。

Abstract: As heavy rains become more frequent, the increasing occurrence of urban flash floods poses significant challenges to emergency response, strategic deployment, and the physical and mental well-being of residents. This paper focuses on optimizing urban flood rescue processes and enhancing rescue efficiency, with human-centered design as the guiding principle. The research involves desk research and video observation methods to analyze pain points in disaster scenarios and conducts surveys and interviews with urban flood survivors to gain insights into their needs. The Kano model is applied to categorize these needs. Additionally, the study approaches urban flood rescue from the dual perspective of “self-rescue” and “assisted rescue,” integrating theoretical research with design practice to innovate flood rescue equipment, aiming to provide new perspectives for future urban flood rescue operations.