环保费改税对重污染上市企业绿色创新绩效的影响

The Impact of Changing Environmental Protection Fees to Taxes on the Green Innovation Performance of Heavily Polluting Listed Companies

摘要: 随着工业化和城市化进程的加快，传统的环境保护税制存在征收标准不统一、税率偏低等问题，难以有效约束企业的排污行为，因此2018年1月1日，《中华人民共和国环境保护法(试行)》正式实施。本文以2018年为政策实施节点，采用双重差分法，实证分析了自环保税法实施以来，重污染上市企业绿色创新绩效的变化，结果表明：费改税显著地提升了企业绿色科技研发效率，但显著地降低了绿色成果转化效率，这一现象在东部经济发达地区、国有企业及数字化程度高的企业中更为明显。本文的研究有助于探索环保法地长期实施效果，也为政府完善环保法提供了参考。

Abstract: With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the traditional environmental protection tax system has problems such as inconsistent collection standards and low tax rates, making it difficult to effectively restrict the pollution discharge behavior of enterprises. Therefore, on January 1, 2018, the “Environment of the People’s Republic of China” Protection Law (Trial) was officially implemented. This article takes 2018 as the policy implementation node and uses the double difference method to empirically analyze the changes in the green innovation performance of heavily polluting listed companies since the implementation of the environmental protection tax law. The results show that: the fee to tax change has significantly improved the efficiency of corporate green technology research and development, but significantly reducing the efficiency of green achievement transformation, this phenomenon is more obvious in the economically developed eastern regions, state-owned enterprises and enterprises with a high degree of digitalization. The research in this article helps explore the long-term implementation effects of environmental protection laws, and also provides a reference for the government to improve environmental protection laws.