“X得慌”结构语法化研究

Research on the Grammaticalization of the Structure “X De Huang”

摘要: 关于“X得慌”结构的性质学界仍存在争议。“X得慌”在方言中也普遍存在，“得慌”无实际意义，表示说话人主观感受。本文从语法化的必要条件和充分条件入手，结合历时和共时两方面，探讨“X得慌”的语法化过程。据分析，该结构受句法位置、语境、语用等因素的影响，由跨层组合单位“X + 得 + 慌”逐渐向词缀“X + 得慌”发展的趋势。利用方言事实进一步补充和完善“X得慌”语法化链条。

Abstract: The academic community remains divided over the grammar nature of the structure “X de huang”. This structure is widely present in dialects and represents the speaker’s subjective feelings, and “de huang” has no actual meaning. This paper aims to delve into the grammaticalization process of “X de huang” by examining the necessary and sufficient conditions for grammaticalization, along with both diachronic and synchronic perspectives. Analysis suggests that the structure “X de huang” is influenced by factors such as syntactic position, context, and pragmatics, showing a trend of evolving from a cross-layer collocation “X + de + huang” to a suffix “X + de huang”. Utilizing dialectal facts to further supplement and perfect the grammaticalization chain of “X de huang”.