PDCA循环在急诊留观患者跌倒中的应用研究

Study on the Application of PDCA Cycle in the Treatment of Patients with Falls in Emergency Observation

摘要: 目的：探讨PDCA循环模式在降低留观患者跌倒发生率的应用效果。方法：选取我院急诊科收治的36,744例留观患者为研究对象，2022年底实施PDCA管理模式前的急诊留观患者为对照组(17,358例)，2023年实施PDCA循环模式后的留观患者设为观察组(19,386)。两组患者均采取常规护理管理模式，观察组在常规护理的基础上采用PDCA、持续护理质量改进预防患者跌倒发生。对比实施前后护士的跌倒风险评估准确率、患者及家属对跌倒措施的知晓率、患者跌倒发生率。结果：实施PDCA循环模式后，护士的跌倒风险评估准确率、患者及家属对跌倒措施的知晓率明显提高，患者跌倒发生率下降，差异具有统计学意义(p < 0.05)。结论：PDCA循环模式可提高护理人员跌倒评估准确率，提高患者及家属对跌倒预防知晓率，降低患者跌倒发生率，提高护理质量，确保患者安全。

Abstract: Objective: Explore the application effect of PDCA cycle model in reducing the incidence of falls among patients under observation. Methods: A total of 36,744 patients under observation admitted to the emergency department of our hospital were selected as the study subjects. The emergency patients who were admitted to the observation room before the implementation of the PDCA management model at the end of 2022 were selected as the control group (17,358 cases). The patients who were admitted to the observation room after the implementation of the PDCA cycle model in 2023 were designated as the observation group (19,386 cases). Both groups of patients received routine nursing management. The observation group adopted PDCA and continuous nursing quality improvement on the basis of routine nursing to prevent falls among patients. The accuracy of nurses’ fall risk assessment, the awareness rate of patients and their families regarding fall prevention measures, and the incidence of patient falls were compared before and after the implementation. Results: After implementing the PDCA cycle model, the accuracy of nurses’ fall risk assessment and the awareness rate of patients and their families regarding fall prevention measures significantly improved, while the incidence of patient falls decreased. The differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The PDCA cycle model can improve the accuracy of fall assessment among nursing staff, enhance the awareness of patients and their families regarding fall prevention, reduce the incidence of falls among patients, improve the quality of nursing, and ensure patient safety.