相对剥夺感对男性新生代农民工攻击性的影响：自尊的中介作用

The Impact of Relative Deprivation on Aggression among Male New Generation Migrant Workers: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem

摘要: 目的：探索新生代农民工相对剥夺感、自尊与攻击性的关系，重点探讨自尊在相对剥夺感与攻击性之间的中介作用。方法：在四川省某市招募青年男性农民工347名(有效回收336份数据，平均年龄25.17岁)，采用成人相对剥夺感问卷、Rosenberg自尊量表、Buss和Perry攻击问卷对被试进行调查，采用描述统计、方差分析、相关分析、结构方程模型分析等方法对数据进行分析处理。结果：1) 婚姻、学历对男性新生代农民工相对剥夺感、自尊与攻击性有显著影响；2) 男性新生代农民工相对剥夺感与自尊(r = −0.525, P < 0.001)以及攻击性各个维度(r = 0.455~0.531, P < 0.001)均显著相关；3) 结构方程与Bootstrap检验均证明，自尊能够部分地中介相对剥夺感对攻击性的影响，中介效应的95%置信区间为(0.06~0.24)。结论：相对剥夺感与自尊均与男性新生代农民工攻击性有关，自尊能够部分地中介相对剥夺感对攻击性的影响。

Abstract: Objective: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the interconnections between relative deprivation, self-esteem, and aggression in the new generation migrant workers, with a particular emphasis on the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between relative deprivation and aggression. Methods: A total of 347 young male migrant workers (336 valid responses with an average age of 25.17 years) from a city in Sichuan province were selected for the study. They were assessed using the relative deprivation scale, Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and Buss & Perry aggression scale. The collected data was then subjected to descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling analysis. Results: 1) Significant differences were found in relative deprivation, self-esteem, and aggression among individuals with different marital statuses and educational backgrounds. 2) Relative deprivation showed a strong negative correlation with self-esteem (r = −0.53, P < 0.01) and a positive correlation with all dimensions of aggression (r = 0.46~0.53, P < 0.01). 3) Both structural equation modeling and Bootstrap testing revealed that self-esteem played a partial mediating role in the relationship between relative deprivation and aggression. The mediating effect had a 95% confidence interval of 0.06 to 0.24. Conclusions: These findings suggest that both relative deprivation and self-esteem play a role in the aggression of young male migrant workers, with self-esteem acting as a partial mediator in this relationship.