基于政策文本内容分析的我国困境儿童心理健康政策研究

A Study on the Psychological Health Policy of Children in Difficulties in China from the Perspective of Policy Tools

摘要: 本研究通过对困境儿童心理健康政策文本进行内容分析，为分析和研究困境儿童关爱保障政策，从而评估其实施效果并为政策制定提供改进建议。本研究运用政策工具和协同性维度二维分析框架，采用Nvivo12Plus分析平台对所选政策进行文本分析。通过对政策内容进行编码对所筛选政策文本进行定量分析，结果显示我国对于困境儿童心理健康发展重视程度持续增强，供给型政策和环境型政策工具运用的占比较为普遍，需求型政策工具运用较少，其占比分别为46.7%、40.1%、13.2%。同时，我国困境儿童心理健康政策存在政策工具内部结构失衡、政策工具分布差异化，重供给轻需求及主体之间协同性低的问题。政企合作、政校合作以及政社合作是政策关注的重点，占比分别为32.2%、29.0%、24.8%。今后在困境儿童心理健康相关政策设计上应该调整政策工具间结构失衡、调整政策工具内部结构失衡、提升政策主体间的协同度进而完善政策体系。

Abstract: This study conducts a content analysis of the mental health policy texts for vulnerable children, aiming to analyze and research the policies for the care and protection of this group, thereby assessing the effectiveness of their implementation and providing suggestions for policy improvement. Utilizing a two-dimensional analysis framework of policy instruments and synergy dimensions, the study employs the Nvivo analysis platform for textual analysis of selected policies. Through coding of policy content and quantitative analysis of the filtered policy texts, the findings reveal a continuous increase in the emphasis on the psychological health development of vulnerable children in our country. The proportion of supply-oriented and environmental policy instruments is common, while the use of demand-oriented policy instruments is less frequent, with respective proportions of 46.7%, 40.1%, and 13.2%. At the same time, there are issues in the mental health policies for vulnerable children in our country, including an imbalance in the internal structure of policy instruments, differentiated distribution of policy instruments, a focus on supply over demand, and low synergy among the main bodies. Cooperation between government and enterprises, government and schools, and government and social organizations is a focus of policy, with respective proportions of 32.2%, 29.0%, and 24.8%. In the future, the design of policies related to the psychological health of vulnerable children should adjust the imbalance of policy instruments, rectify the internal structure of policy instruments, and improve the synergy among policy entities to thereby perfect the policy system.