中国新能源汽车出口竞争力分析

Analysis on Export Competitiveness of China’s New Energy Vehicle

摘要: 随着全球石油等不可再生资源的减少以及气候和环境问题的日益严重，各国政府纷纷重视节能减排，制定了可持续发展战略。新能源汽车作为新能源产业的重点发展项目备受世界关注，各国纷纷加入新能源汽车生产的行列。虽然中国的新能源汽车产业起步较晚，但其凭借资源优势和巨大的市场潜力发展迅速。但是在国际市场上，中国新能源汽车的竞争力仍显不足。本文基于中国及全球主要新能源汽车生产国的贸易数据，通过计算贸易竞争指数(TC指数)和显性比较优势指数(RCA指数)分析了中国新能源汽车的出口国际竞争力。结果显示，中国新能源汽车出口的TC指数较小，表明其在国际市场上处于较大竞争劣势；RCA指数虽然不断增长，但相对于其他国家还较小，表明中国新能源汽车的出口竞争力还较弱。最后，通过分析目前中国新能源汽车产业发展存在的问题，对进一步提升中国新能源汽车在国际市场上的地位提供相关建议。

Abstract: With the decline of non-renewable resources such as oil and the increasingly serious climate and environmental problems, governments around the world have paid attention to energy conservation and emission reduction, and formulated sustainable development strategies. As a key development project of the new energy industry, new energy vehicles have attracted worldwide attention, and countries have joined the ranks of new energy vehicle production. Although China’s new energy vehicle industry started late, it has developed rapidly with its resource advantages and huge market potential, but in the international market, the competitiveness of China’s new energy vehicles is still insufficient. Based on the trade data of China and the world’s major NEV producers, this paper analyzes the international competitiveness of China’s NEV exports by calculating the Trade Competition Index (TC Index) and the Explicit Comparative Advantage Index (RCA Index). The results show that the TC index of China’s new energy vehicle exports is small, indicating that it is at a great competitive disadvantage in the international market. Although the RCA index is growing, it is still small compared to other countries, indicating that China’s export competitiveness of new energy vehicles is still weak. Finally, by analyzing the current problems in the development of China’s new energy vehicle industry, relevant suggestions are provided to further enhance the status of China’s new energy vehicles in the international market.