重庆市长寿区山区小型河流健康评价及保护建议

Health Assessment and Protection Suggestions for Small Mountainous Rivers in Changshou District, Chongqing

摘要: 随着气候变化和社会发展，山区小型河流生态系统遭受强烈干扰，但其保护与治理工作却相对滞后。河流健康评价是河流治理工作的关键和前提，开展山区小型河流健康评价工作，对指导河流生态环境保护与修复和发挥河流生态与服务功能具有重要意义。本研究依据《重庆市河流健康评价指南》中的相关规定，从岸线自然状况、水质优劣程度和公众满意度3个方面对重庆市长寿区12条山区小型河流开展了实地勘察、健康评价、问题识别与治理对策研究。结果显示，12条河流具有较好的河流健康状态，河流健康综合得分在75.13~90.14之间，均属于一类或二类河流。12条河流部分河段的岸线自然状况和水质优劣程度两个指标得分较低，这主要是由于河流岸线稳定性较差、化学需氧量和五日生化需氧量水平较高导致的。为保持和提升长寿区12条山区小型河流的健康状态，需加强落实岸线修复和水质治理工作，定期开展河流健康评价，指导环境保护政策的制定和相关措施的实施。

Abstract: With climate change and social development, small mountainous river ecosystems have suffered strong disturbances, but their protection and governance are lagging. River health assessment is the key and prerequisite for river governance works, thus conducting health assessment on small mountainous rivers is of great significance for guiding the protection and restoration of river ecological environment and playing the ecological and service functions of rivers. According to the relevant provisions of “Guidelines for River Health Assessment in Chongqing”, this study conducted field investigations, health assessments, problem identifications and governance strategies research on 12 small mountainous rivers in Changshou District, Chongqing from three aspects: natural status of riparian line, water quality levels, and public satisfaction. Results showed that 12 rivers had good river health statuses, with a comprehensive score ranging from 75.13 to 90.14, and all belonging to Class-I or Class-II rivers. The scores of natural status of riparian line and water quality levels in some reaches of 12 rivers were relatively low, which were mainly due to the poor riparian line stability and the high levels of chemical oxygen demand and five-day biochemical oxygen demand. To maintain and improve the health statuses of 12 small mountainous rivers, it is necessary to strengthen the implementation of riparian line restoration and water quality governance, regularly conduct river health assessments that can guide the formulation of environmental protection policies and the implementation of relevant measures.