电商平台经营者滥用“数字权利”的法律规制

Legal Regulation of the Abuse of “Digital Rights” by E-Commerce Platform Operators

摘要: 随着互联网时代的到来，数字技术、信息技术飞速发展，电子商务展现了强劲的发展潜力和广阔的发展市场。在电商平台的运营过程中，平台经营者凭借强大的“数字权利”掌握规则制定的话语权，平台内经营者从平等的商事主体地位慢慢转变为被平台经营者管理的压榨关系，极大地损害了平台内经营者的自主经营权。同样，平台经营者利用其掌握的算法技术，对平台的消费者进行“大数据杀熟”价格欺诈，出现了“千人千价”现象，损害了消费者的合法权益。基于对相关案例的分析，从法律层面对平台经营者滥用“数字权利”的行为进行规制确有必要。《电子商务法》虽然有相关规定，但条文过于笼统和原则性，在实践中可操作性不高，鉴于此，我国应该重视事前审查，进行平台协议的司法审查，同时在立法时加强对平台内消费者的保护并且加强监管，以此促进电子商务经济健康发展，保障相关主体的合法权益。

Abstract: With the arrival of the Internet and the rapid development of digital technology and information technology, e-commerce has demonstrated strong development potential and a broad development market. During the operation of e-commerce platforms, platform operators hold the right to formulate rules by virtue of their powerful “digital rights”, and platform operators have slowly changed from the status of equal commercial subjects to the oppressive relationship of being managed by platform operators, which has greatly jeopardized the independent operation rights of platform operators. Similarly, the platform operators use their mastery of algorithmic technology to carry out “big data to kill familiarization” price fraud on the platform consumers, and the phenomenon of “thousands of people, thousands of prices” occurs, which damages the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. Based on the analysis of relevant cases, it is necessary to regulate the abuse of “digital rights” by platform operators from the legal level. Although there are relevant provisions in the “E-commerce Law”, the provisions are too general and principled, and are not highly operable in practice. In view of this, China should emphasize the prior review and judicial review of the platform agreement, and at the same time, strengthen the protection of consumers on the platform and enhance the supervision during the legislative process, so as to promote the healthy development of the e-commerce economy and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of relevant subjects.