基于ANSYS Workbench轮毂有限元分析

Finite Element Analysis of Wheel Hub Based on ANSYS Workbench

摘要: 轮毂作为汽车构造中的核心组件，承载着支撑轮胎、缓冲外部冲击及确保轮胎与路面有效接触等多重关键职责。它不仅负责传递动力，更关键的是它需承受车辆运行过程中的全部载荷。因此，轮毂的力学特性与抗疲劳性能直接关联到汽车行驶的安全性与稳定性，其质量优劣对车辆性能有着不可忽视的影响。深入探究轮毂失效的根源，疲劳破坏被普遍认为是主要因素，这促使我们采用疲劳性能作为评估轮毂质量的核心标准。本文以轮毂为研究对象，运用SolidWorks实体设计软件建立轮毂3D模型，然后运用ANSYS有限元分析软件对轮毂模型进行模态分析和静力学分析并作出评估。通过模态分析，我们揭示了轮毂前六阶的固有频率特性，并确认了在汽车常规运行工况下，其工作频率远低于这些固有频率，从而有效规避了共振风险，保障了行驶的稳定性与安全性。进一步地，静力学分析结果显示，该轮毂在承受载荷时，其强度与刚度均达到了国家对于轮毂设计的规范要求，验证了其结构设计的合理性与可靠性。

Abstract: As a pivotal element in automotive architecture, the wheel hub assumes pivotal roles encompassing tyre support, external shock mitigation, and ensuring optimal tyre-road interface. Beyond merely transmitting power, it assumes the pivotal task of withstanding all operational loads, thereby exerting a non-trivial influence on vehicle performance. Delving into the underlying mechanisms of wheel hub failures, fatigue damage emerges as the primary contributor, necessitating the adoption of fatigue resilience as a paramount metric in assessing wheel hub quality. This study focuses on the wheel hub, leveraging SolidWorks, a premier solid modeling software, to construct a precise 3D representation. Subsequently, ANSYS, a renowned finite element analysis tool, is employed to conduct both modal and static analyses of the wheel hub model, providing a comprehensive evaluation. Modal analysis unravels the initial six natural frequency modes of the wheel hub, confirming that under typical operating conditions, the vehicle’s operational frequencies lie well below these modes, mitigating resonance concerns and underpinning driving stability and safety. Complementing this, static analysis affirms that the wheel hub, when subjected to design loads, adheres to national standards for strength and stiffness, underscoring the soundness and dependability of its structural design. This research, independent of prior works such as those examining electric drive wheel hubs, contributes fresh insights into wheel hub performance evaluation, enriching the automotive engineering discourse.