“双碳”目标下的碳金融市场监管法律制度研究

Research on the Legal System for Carbon Financial Market Supervision under the “Double Carbon” Goal

摘要: 实现“双碳”目标是我国生态文明建设乃至全世界环境建设之一大步，对碳金融市场监管以法律制度为保障能够助力与“双碳”的实现，同时也提供理论支持和实践参考。本文先粗略介绍“双碳”目标和碳金融的基本概念，探讨了碳金融监管法律制度的引出背景。分析当前碳金融监管的法律制度现状，包括碳金融监管权模式、我国碳市场的现有成效以及碳金融监管的法律实践。探讨当前碳金融监管的法律制度存在的或潜在的障碍，如规制主体过多导致职能分配不合理、静态权力配置不合理、立法规范缺失及碳金融司法监督的困难。针对这些问题，提出了完善碳金融法律监管制度的对策，包括采取专门监管为主、协同监管为辅助的模式，优化立法层级、在司法层面做出细化规定，以及将碳金融与环境法协调融合。

Abstract: Achieving the “dual carbon” goal is a major step in China’s ecological civilization construction and even the world’s environmental construction. Regulating the carbon finance market through legal systems can help achieve the “dual carbon” goal, while also providing theoretical support and practical reference. This article first provides a rough introduction to the “dual carbon” target and the basic concepts of carbon finance, and explores the background of the introduction of the legal system for carbon finance regulation. Analyze the current legal system status of carbon finance regulation, including the carbon finance regulatory authority model, the existing effectiveness of China’s carbon market, and the legal practice of carbon finance regulation. Explore the existing or potential obstacles in the current legal system for carbon finance regulation, such as excessive regulatory bodies leading to unreasonable allocation of functions, unreasonable static power allocation, lack of legislative norms, and difficulties in judicial supervision of carbon finance. In response to these issues, measures have been proposed to improve the legal regulatory system for carbon finance, including adopting a specialized regulatory model with collaborative regulation as a supplement, optimizing the legislative hierarchy, making detailed provisions at the judicial level, and coordinating and integrating carbon finance with environmental law.