基于遥感影像的哈尔滨市区绿地变化分析

Analysis of Urban Green Space Change in Harbin Based on Remote Sensing Image

摘要: 城市绿地是指城市专门用以改善生态、保护环境，为居民提供游憩场地和美化景观的绿化用地。随着人类社会的高度发展，现有的城市土地资源已经无法满足人类为了追求更好的、更优越的生活条件所提出的要求，因此原有的生态平衡遭到了破坏，人类生活环境和可持续发展能力受到严重的影响。绿地作为城市的生命线，在城市的格局中起到了至关重要的作用。本文利用遥感影像研究哈尔滨市区绿地的空间格局及1988至2022年间的变化，以期对34年的绿化建设进行评价。利用1988、2022年Landsat影像，基于最大似然法提取的植被盖度信息，分析了34年间的绿地的变化及其影响因素。通过对哈尔滨市区绿地的遥感影像进行分析，不仅可以更好地了解哈尔滨绿地规划的利弊，更有利于为城市绿地的规划建设提供基础资料，在以后的规划方面用于参考，也有利于环境协调，为保护环境尽一份力。

Abstract: Urban green space refers to the green land specially used to improve the ecology, protect the environment, and provide recreational sites and beautify the landscape for residents. With the high development of human society, the existing urban land resources have been unable to meet the requirements of human beings in pursuit of better and better living conditions, so the original ecological balance has been destroyed, and the human living environment and sustainable development ability have been seriously affected. As the lifeline of the city, green space plays an important role in the pattern of the city. This paper used remote sensing images to study the spatial pattern of urban green space in Harbin and the changes between 1988 and 2022, in order to evaluate the green construction in 34 years. Using Landsat TM images of 1988 and 2022, based on the vegetation coverage information extracted by the maximum likelihood method, the change of green space and its influencing factors in 34 years were analyzed. By analyzing the remote sensing image of urban green space in Harbin, we can not only better understand the advantages and disadvantages of Harbin green space planning, but also provide basic information for the planning and construction of urban green space, which can be used for reference in future planning, as well as for environmental coordination and protection.