基于正虚毒泛病机探讨肿瘤外泌体与肺癌发生发展的关系

Exploring the Relationship between Tumor Exosomes and Lung Cancer Development Based on the Pathogenesis of Positive Deficiency and Toxicity Flooding

摘要: 肺癌是我国发病率和死亡率最高的癌症之一，主要症状为长期咳嗽、咯血和肺部阴影。每年约有63.1万人死于肺癌，主要危险因素包括吸烟、空气污染等。肺癌的发展涉及肿瘤细胞与微环境的复杂互动，其中包括外泌体，这些细胞囊泡在肿瘤生长和侵袭中扮演重要角色，并可能成为治疗靶点。中医认为肺癌由正气亏虚、阴阳失调引起，病性虚实夹杂，治疗需结合宣肺理气、化痰祛瘀、益气健脾、温阳补肾等多种方法。肺癌的治疗既要扶正又要祛邪，针对“痰”“瘀”“毒”等病理特点进行综合治疗。充分发挥中医药扶正祛邪，控制肿瘤发展的作用。

Abstract: Lung cancer is one of the cancers with the highest morbidity and mortality in China, and the main symptoms are prolonged cough, hemoptysis and lung shadows. About 631,000 people die of lung cancer every year, and the main risk factors include smoking and air pollution. Lung cancer development involves complex interactions between tumor cells and the microenvironment, including exosomes, which are cellular vesicles that play an important role in tumor growth and invasion and may be therapeutic targets. According to TCM, lung cancer is caused by deficiency of positive energy and imbalance of yin and yang, and the disease is characterized by a mixture of deficiency and reality, so the treatment needs to combine various methods, such as declaring the lung and regulating the qi, resolving phlegm and eliminating blood stasis, benefiting qi and strengthening the spleen, warming the yang and nourishing the kidneys. The treatment of lung cancer should not only support the positive but also dispel the evil, and carry out comprehensive treatment according to the pathological characteristics of “phlegm”, “blood stasis”, “poison” and so on. It should give full play to the role of Chinese medicine in supporting the positive and dispelling the evil, and controlling the development of tumor.