数字经济制造业效率评价——基于全局DEA-Malmquist指数法

Evaluation of Manufacturing Efficiency in Digital Economy—Based on the Global DEA-Malmquist Index Approach

摘要: 数字经济以数字技术为核心驱动力，能优化资源配置，壮大实体经济，促进产业转型升级，是中国经济发展的新动力。评估数字经济制造业效率有助于我国数字经济健康发展。本文以第二产业为切入点，运用全局DEA-Malmquist指数方法，探究了我国27个规模以上制造业在2005~2020年间的全要素生产率，分析了数字经济制造业的动态演化，及其在所有制造业中的排名情况。得出以下结论：(1) 我国数字经济制造业的全要素生产率总体表现为增长趋势，但基本只依靠技术进步带动。(2) 我国数字经济制造业的全要素生产率增长波动频繁。(3) 数字经济制造业仍有较大进步空间。由此给出如下建议：(1) 加强公共服务建设，推进技术与效率共同进步。(2) 加大研发政策与资金支持，稳步提升数字经济制造业TFP。(3) 持续优化营商环境，数字赋能实体经济，强化数字经济在全产业链的重要地位。

Abstract: The digital economy, with digital technology as its core driving force, can optimize resource allocation, grow the real economy and promote industrial transformation and upgrading. Assessing the efficiency of digital economy manufacturing industry helps the healthy development of China’s digital economy. Taking the secondary industry as an entry point and using the global DEA-Malmquist index method, this paper explores the total factor productivity of China’s 27 above-scale manufacturing industries during the period from 2005 to 2020, and analyzes the dynamic evolution of the manufacturing industries of the digital economy, and their rankings among all manufacturing industries. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) The total factor productivity of China’s digital economy manufacturing industries generally shows a growth trend, but basically relies only on technological progress to drive it. (2) The total factor productivity growth of China’s digital economy manufacturing industries fluctuates frequently. (3) There is still much room for progress in the digital economy manufacturing industry. The following suggestions are given: (1) Strengthen the construction of public services and promote the joint progress of technology and efficiency; (2) Increase R&D policy and financial support to steadily improve the TFP of the digital economy manufacturing industry; (3) Continuously optimize the business environment, digitally empower the real economy, and strengthen the important position of the digital economy in the whole industrial chain.