新型脂肪酶介孔材料复合微反应器的研究进展

Research Progress of Novel Lipase Mesoporous Composite Microreactor

摘要: 在药学领域中，脂肪酶这种天然手性催化剂经常被用于制备光学对映体药物。脂肪酶催化具有高活性，高反应性等特点，但却容易在高温、强酸、强碱中变性甚至失活。特别是，脂肪酶只有在油水都存在的界面才能被活化。如果能通过制备反应器的方法，将脂肪酶保护在某些特殊材料中，并创设油水双亲反应活性体系，则能够保护酶，并使其反应活性和稳定性得到提升。微型反应器还有利于酶的回收利用，从而降低对环境的污染。不同于常见的固定化酶方法包埋法、吸附法、共价结合法和交联法等，微反应器法可以随着材料学的进步而不断发展。近年来，选择不断发展创新的介孔材料作为容器，固载酶，从而搭建酶反应器平台的方法，取得了一系列成果。

Abstract: In pharmaceutical field, the natural chiral lipase often works as the catalyst to prepare optical en-antiomers. Lipase catalysis has the characteristics of high activity and high reactivity, but it is easy to denaturate and even inactivate in high temperature, strong acid and strong base. In particular, lipase can be activated at the interface of oil and water. The lipase can be protected in some special materials by the method of reactor. And the active system of oil-water amphiphilic reaction can be created, when the enzyme can be protected and its reaction activity and stability can be improved. Micro reactor is also conducive to the recovery and utilization of enzymes, so as to reduce environ-mental pollution. The micro reactor method can be developed with the progress of materials sci-ence which is quite different from the common immobilized enzyme methods, such as embedding, adsorption, covalent binding and cross-linking. In recent years, a series of achievements have been made in the method of selecting the constantly developing and innovative mesoporous materials as framework to immobilize enzymes and build enzyme reactor platform.