基于STM32的食用菌种植环境监测系统设计

Design of Edible Fungus Cultivation Environment Monitoring System Based on STM32

摘要: 在全球农业现代化加速推进的背景下，中国农业正通过信息化与智能化实现转型升级。食用菌产业因其高附加值和高增长的市场需求，成为农业发展的重点领域。由于传统种植模式依赖人工经验，存在环境控制粗放、生产效率低等问题。亟需通过智能化系统实现精准环境监测与数据管理，辅助种植管理与决策，提升产量与品质。系统采用STM32微控制器作为核心，结合多种传感器实时监测菌类作物大棚内的温度、湿度、光照度和CO₂浓度等关键参数。用户根据监测数据调控食用菌各个生长阶段的环境参数，确保其处于最佳生长状态。并通过网络交互，将数据通过种植信息化平台进行集约化管理，方便用户进行远程查看和参数设置，以及实现对环境变化进行超阈值报警。实验结果表明，该系统可以实现食用菌种植环境的实时数据监测和历史数据回溯，并共享给农业专家和其他种植用户进行农技指导和经验分享，有效促进食用菌产业的智能化发展。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the accelerated advancement of global agricultural modernization, China’s agriculture is achieving transformation and upgrading through informatization and intelligence. The edible fungi industry has become a key area in agricultural development due to its high added value and high-growth market demand. Due to the fact that the traditional planting mode relies on manual experience, there exist problems such as rough environmental control and low production efficiency. There is an urgent need to achieve precise environmental monitoring and data management through intelligent systems to assist in planting management and decision-making, and enhance yield and quality. The system adopts the STM32 microcontroller as the core and combines multiple sensors to monitor key parameters such as temperature, humidity, illuminance and CO₂ concentration in the mushroom crop greenhouse in real time. Users adjust the environmental parameters of edible fungi at each growth stage based on the monitoring data to ensure they are in the best growth state. And through network interaction, the data is centrally managed through the planting information platform, facilitating users to remotely view and set parameters, as well as achieving over-threshold alarms for environmental changes. The experimental results show that this system can achieve real-time data monitoring and historical data retrospective of the edible fungus planting environment, and share it with agricultural experts and other planting users for agricultural technical guidance and experience sharing, effectively promoting the intelligent development of the edible fungus industry.