《两个钓鱼人》与《摸彩》的互文性解读

An Intertextual Analysis of “Two Fishermen” and “The Lottery”

摘要: 莫利·卡拉汉的《两个钓鱼人》与雪莉·杰克逊的《摸彩》的情节具有相似之处，均体现了替罪羊这一集体无意识原型，基于此，其人物和主题也具有互文关系。人物上，《两个钓鱼人》中以记者迈克尔·福斯特为代表的村民与《摸彩》中未中奖的村民相对应；《两个钓鱼人》中的刽子手K·史密斯则与《摸彩》中的中奖者泰西·哈钦森相对应。两组人物的冲突体现出了两篇小说共同的主题，即对人性复杂性及权力与正义关系的探讨。但面对相同主题，杰克逊用哥特的手法表现出愤怒，卡拉汉则用海明威式简洁的语言表现出接受命运的、悲观的自然主义倾向。通过对两篇小说进行互文性解读，更能理解两位作者的写作倾向以及文本与其背后社会空间的互文关系。

Abstract: Morley Callaghan’s “Two Fishermen” and Shelley Jackson’s “The Lottery” have similar plots, reflecting a collective unconscious archetype, namely, scapegoat archetype. Based on this, their characters and themes have intertextual relations. In terms of characters, the villagers represented by journalist Michael Foster in “Two Fishermen” correspond to the villagers who did not win the lottery in “The Lottery”. K. Smith, the executioner in “Two Fishermen”, corresponds to Tessie Hutchinson, the winner in “The Lottery”. The conflict between the two groups of characters reflects the common themes of the two novels, namely, the discussion on the complexity of human nature and the relationship between power and justice. However, when confronted with the same themes, Jackson’s anger is expressed in a Gothic way, while Callaghan’s naturalistic and pessimistic tendency to accept fate is described in Hemingway’s terse language. Through the intertextual interpretation of the two short stories, the different writing styles of the two writers and the intertextual relationship between text and cultural space can be better understood.