山田咏美小说中家庭危机书写与母性伦理重审——以《迷途的孩子》中“迷子”的隐喻为例

Writing about Family Crises and Re-Examination of Maternal Ethicsin Amy Yamada’s Fiction—A Case Study of the “Maigo” Metaphor in Maigo (The Lost Child)

摘要: 《迷途的孩子》是日本作家山田咏美1990年发表于《小说现代》的短篇小说，通过孩童视角展现了两个不同家庭的内部纠纷。现有研究多聚焦于其作品的身体叙事与女性文学，对其儿童视角下的家庭危机书写关注不足，这一研究现状削弱了对山田咏美作品的整体认知。为系统了解山田咏美作品，研究采用文本细读法，解析《迷途的孩子》中“迷子”隐喻的双重内涵：表层指走失儿童弘子，深层象征家庭纠葛中的迷茫个体。研究通过对山田咏美文学作品中非血缘母性和家庭危机的文学阐释揭示婚姻矛盾中母性伦理的复杂性，旨在引发社会对如养母养女这一家庭问题的关注，并为理解家庭伦理困境提供新视角。

Abstract: Maigo (The Lost Child) is a short story written by Japanese female author Amy Yamada, first published in 1990 in the magazine Shosetsu Gendai (Modern Fiction). Narrated through the perspective of a child, the story depicts internal conflicts in two different families. Existing research on Amy Yamada’s works mainly focuses on her body physical narratives and feminist literature, with limited attention to her family crisis writing from a child’s perspective. This research actually impedes a comprehensive understanding of her literature. To systematically explore Amy Yamada’s works, this study employs close textual analysis to interpret the dual meanings of the metaphor “maigo” (lost child): on the surface, it refers to the lost child Hiroko, while symbolizing individuals adrift in family conflicts at a deeper level. This study reveals the complexity of maternal ethics in marriage conflicts through the literary interpretation of non-blood maternal bonds and family crises in Amy Yamada’s literature works. It aims to draw societal attention to family issues such as adoptive mothers and foster daughters, while offering a new perspective for understanding family ethical dilemmas.