精神分析视域下《金锁记》《杀夫》中的“恶魔女性”

Psychoanalytic Perspectives on the “Demonic Feminine” in “The Golden Cangue” and “The Butcher’s Wife”

摘要: 作为张派传人之一的李昂，其《杀夫》同张爱玲的《金锁记》一样以“恶魔女性”作为书写对象，林市和曹七巧都走向了“杀人”的末路。在精神分析的视域下，经济饥饿和力比多的缺失是人物恶魔化的原动力，人物只得以语言和行为来宣泄消极情绪，封建思想、性别剥削、同性围困作为抑制潜意识的重要力量放大了旧时代的局限性，从而将女性内心中最后一丝温情挤压殆尽。尽管地域与时代各异，但是两对母女、两代人的故事在叙事、命运、心灵方面呈现出惊人相似性，形成了“力比多”与经济交织下女性解放的历史脉络。

Abstract: Li Ang, often regarded as a literary heir to Eileen Zhang, explores images of demonic feminine in works such as “The Butcher’s Wife”, which mirrors the tragic trajectory of characters like Cao Qiqiao in Zhang’s “The Golden Cangue”. Both Lin Shi and Cao Qiqiao are driven toward self-destructive ends—symbolized by metaphorical “murder”—as their lives unravel under societal constraints. Through a psychoanalytic lens, their demonization stems from economic deprivation and repressed “Libido”, forces that compel them to express their anguish through destructive words and actions. The suffocating realities of their eras—magnified by feudal ideologies, gender exploitation, and hostile social environments—manifest as a repressed subconscious, trapping these women in oppressive spaces that strip away their humanity and emotional warmth. Though separated by time and setting, the narratives of these two generations reveal striking parallels in structure, fate and psychological depth. The “demonization” of these characters can be traced to shared experiences of trauma, confinement, and gendered violence, weaving a historical thread through women’s struggles for emancipation—a journey deeply entangled with “Libidoand” economic survival.